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| 新疆玛纳斯湖盆周围近14000年以来的古植被古环境 | |
| 引用本文： | 孙湘君,杜乃秋,翁成郁,林瑞芬,卫克勤.新疆玛纳斯湖盆周围近14000年以来的古植被古环境[J].第四纪研究,1994,14(3):239-248. |
| 作者姓名： | 孙湘君 杜乃秋 翁成郁 林瑞芬 卫克勤 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院植物研究所; 2. 中国科学院广州地质新技术研究所 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金,国际原子能机构合同项目 |
| 摘 要： | 根据花粉资料得到新疆玛纳斯湖距今１４０００年以来植被和气候发展的历史；约在１０５００ａＢ．Ｐ．前极低的花粉沉积率及Ａ／Ｃ值(Ａｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａ与Ｃｈｅｎｏｐｏｄｉａｃｅａｅ花粉百分含量的比值)代表以藜科为主的荒漠植被，气候寒冷、干燥，特别是１１０００—１０５００ａＢ．Ｐ．阶段，更低的花粉沉积率及贫乏的花粉类型反映了更加恶劣的气候条件，有可能与欧洲的新仙女木期相当。在１０５００—９０００ａＢ·Ｐ·阶段花粉沉积率、Ａ／Ｃ值及中生、水生植物花粉的增加都指示荒漠草原植被的出现，气候较前。阶段湿润温暖。在９０００－４２００。Ｂ．ｐ．阶段花粉沉积率及Ａ／Ｃ值进一步增加，说明当时是以蒿属为主的草原植被，但是中生及水生花粉的贫乏指示草原植被仍具旱生性质。距今４２００年以来在花粉百分比基本稳定的情况下，花粉沉积率达剖面最高峰且高低变化很大，有数次大起大落。这种花粉沉积率的大起大落具有旱生、中生植物花粉同时起落、与岩性的变化不同步以及高花粉沉积率段与低Ａ／Ｃ值相对应等特点。这表明花粉沉积率高低与植被的丰富程度没有直接关系，而可能与西风环流的加强或减弱有关。 |
| 关 键 词： | 新疆玛纳斯湖 花粉分析 全新世 |
PALEOVEGETATION AND PALEOENVIRONMENT OF MANASI LAKE, XINJIANG, N. W. CHINA DURING THE LAST 14000YEARS |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 2. Cuangzhou New Technical Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| Abstract: | Abstract:A vegetational and environmental history of Manasi basin during the last 14 000yrs has been outlined on the basis of palynological data. Very low pollen influx andlow A/C ratio (Pollen percent ratio of Artemisia to Chenopodiaceae) before ca.10 500 aB.P. indicate a desert vegetation predominated by Chenopodiaceae around thelake and a cold and dry climate. Especially during 11 000-10 500 a B.P. extremelylow pollen influx and diversity imply further deterioration of the climate then presumably corresponding to the Younger Dryas in Northern Europe. Later, between10 500-9 000 aB.P., a desert-steppe vegetation might have appeared around the Lakejudging from the rise of pollen influx, A/C ratio and pollen proportions of mesicand aquatic plants. The climate should be warmer and moister than before. During9 000-4 200 aB.P., further increased pollen influx and A/C ratio suggest a steppe vegetation, composed mainly of Atremisia, around the lake, which might have beenarid in nature as indicated by poverty of pollen of mesic and aquatic plants.Over the last 4 200 years, the percentage ratios between various pollen types haveremained more or less stable, whereas the pollen influx have changed greatly withseveral times of significant rise and fall. Noticeable are some characteristcs displayedby the significant pollen influx fluctuation: The simultaneous increase or decreaseof pollen influx of both arid and mesic plants; out-of-phase variations of polleninflux and lithology; co-occurrance of high pollen influx with low A/C ratio.All these show that the pollen influx values have no direct relation to the vegetation abundance, rather they may be ralated to the intensity of west wind circulation.It is suggested, therefore, that the area of interest has been covered by desert-steppeduring the last 4 200 years with several intervals when intensified wind could bringmore pollen grains into the lake from outside |
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