| 高寒山区河道径流的形成与水文调节机制研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 常启昕,孙自永,潘钊,李兆峰.高寒山区河道径流的形成与水文调节机制研究进展[J].地球科学,2022,47(11):4196-4209. |
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| 作者姓名： | 常启昕 孙自永 潘钊 李兆峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室, 四川成都 610059 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目42102301国家自然科学基金项目41772270国家自然科学基金项目41971041 |
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| 摘 要： | 高寒山区河道径流的形成与水文调节机制是认识流域水资源形成与转化过程，以及预测气候变化下流域水文过程响应规律的基础. 通过分析国内外相关文献，从高寒山区河道径流的水分来源及其气候变化下的影响机制、高寒山区不同类型下垫面对河道径流的调节机制、高寒山区不同类型地下水对河道径流的调节机制三个方面综述其研究进展，总结问题与不足，发现气候变化是影响高寒山区河道径流形成过程的主导因素，探究水文输入、下垫面、地下水等次要影响因素与气候变化之间的响应规律是揭示高寒山区河道径流水文调节机制的关键科学问题，并提出未来研究的总体趋势和改进建议，为高寒山区河道径流形成机制及其对气候变化的响应规律研究提供参考依据.
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| 关 键 词： | 高寒山区 河道径流 径流形成 水文调节 气候变化 水文地质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-12-08 |
Stream Runoff Formation and Hydrological Regulation Mechanism in Mountainous Alpine Regions: A Review |
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| Abstract: | The formation and regulation mechanism of stream runoff in mountainous alpine regions is the basis of understanding the formation mechanism and transformation process of water resources in basins and predicting the response of hydrological processes in alpine watersheds to climate change. By analyzing relevant literature on hydrological processes in cold regions, we reviewed their research progress from the following three aspects: (1) the water source of stream runoff in mountainous alpine regions and its influence mechanism under climate change, (2) the regulation mechanism of stream runoff on different underlying surfaces in mountainous alpine regions, (3) the regulation mechanism of groundwater on stream runoff in mountainous alpine regions. We found that climate change was the dominant factor affecting the formation process of stream runoff in mountainous alpine regions. Moreover, the response relationship between the secondary influencing factors of stream runoff formation (such as hydrological inputs, underlying surfaces, groundwater) and climate change in mountainous alpine regions is the key to revealing the regulation mechanism of stream runoff. We proposed the future research trend and suggestions for improvement, providing a theoretical basis for the runoff formation mechanism and its response to climate change in the mountainous alpine regions. |
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