| 中亚造山带南缘蛇绿岩研究现状与展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 敖松坚,肖文交,韩春明,毛启贵,万博,张继恩,张志勇,宋东方,谭肖博.中亚造山带南缘蛇绿岩研究现状与展望[J].地球科学,2022,47(9):3107-3126. |
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| 作者姓名： | 敖松坚 肖文交 韩春明 毛启贵 万博 张继恩 张志勇 宋东方 谭肖博 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 岩石圈演化国家重点实验室, 北京 100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目2020YFA0714800国家自然科学基金委科学中心项目41888101国家优秀青年科学基金项目41822204 |
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| 摘 要： | 蛇绿岩与产于增生楔中的蛇绿岩碎片记录了大洋岩石圈形成、俯冲、消亡等造山作用的全过程信息；是解剖造山带与探讨造山作用的重要研究对象.本文重点阐述蛇绿岩的继承性构造（形成于大洋岩石圈形成阶段:洋?陆过渡带型（ocean-continental transition，简称OCT）、洋中脊型（快速扩张脊的Penrose型与慢速扩张的洋底核杂岩型）、supra-subduction-zone（SSZ）型三个基本端元）与造山就位构造（构造就位于造山带阶段:仰冲就位与俯冲刮铲）的特征、区别及其地质意义.强调蛇绿岩形成的“生而不同”与构造就位的“死也有别”；讨论了蛇绿岩两阶段的特征、时代的大地构造配置，呼吁关注蛇绿岩构造就位阶段俯冲流体的叠加作用，其可能导致最终就位在造山带中的蛇绿岩大部分都具有SSZ型特征.最后，结合中亚造山带南部主要蛇绿岩的特征，对未来中亚造山带蛇绿岩研究提出一些思考与展望；指出未来研究应注重对有限洋盆或小洋盆的厘定，关注OCT成因蛇绿岩的识别与研究，重视山弯构造与走滑断裂对蛇绿岩带现今产出的控制与改造作用.
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| 关 键 词： | 中亚造山带 蛇绿岩 变质底板 洋底核杂岩 洋陆过渡带 岩石学 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-08-01 |
Status and Prospect of Research on Ophiolites in the Southern Margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt |
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| Abstract: | Ophiolites and their fragments in accretionary wedges record the whole process of orogenesis such as the formation, subduction, and closure of the oceanic lithosphere. Ophiolites or ophiolitic complexes are an important research object for orogenesis. This paper focuses on the inheritance structures of ophiolites, which formed in the original stage of oceanic lithosphere including ocean-continental transition, mid-ocean ridge type (Penrose type of fast spreading ridge and ocean core complex of slow spreading type), and supra-subduction zone (SSZ type). This paper also reviews the structures and features during ophiolite emplacement including obduction and subduction off-scraped types. The characteristics, differences and geological significances between the origin and emplacement stages of ophiolites are highlighted. This paper argues that the superposition of subducting fluids during ophiolite emplacement plays an important role as the ophiolite inevitably experienced the affection of the subducting fluid/melt, making most ophiolites show SSZ-type features. Finally, combined with the characteristics of the main ophiolites in the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), some thoughts and prospects are put forward for future research, paying attention to the relics of the former OCT and/or OCC in the southern CAOB and the potential oroclinal bending and strike-slip displacement, long-distance low angle over-thrusting, and rotation of blocks for orogenesis anatomy of ophiolites. |
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