| 非常规源岩层系油气形成分布与前景展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 邹才能,杨智,董大忠,赵群,陈振宏,冯有良,李嘉蕊,王小妮.非常规源岩层系油气形成分布与前景展望[J].地球科学,2022,47(5):1517-1533. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邹才能 杨智 董大忠 赵群 陈振宏 冯有良 李嘉蕊 王小妮 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家高层次特殊人才支持计划项目;中石油科技项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 经过十余年理论技术持续攻关，中国陆上实现了致密砂岩气规模发展、页岩气快速发展、煤层气持续发展、致密油稳步发展和页岩油加快探索，源岩层系油气已成为中国非常规油气增储上产的主要组成部分.源岩层系油气包括源岩油气和致密油气2种资源类型，普遍具备有效配置的烃源岩、储集层和聚集保存3个方面基础地质形成条件，展现出源内或近源大面积连续分布标志特征，海相页岩气主要分布于深水陆棚区，致密砂岩气和煤层气一般分布于主要聚煤期煤系，页岩层系石油一般主要发育于长期持续沉降的富油湖盆.源岩层系油气开发追求“平面甜点区”“纵向甜点段”较好经济资源条件，页岩气需含气量高、孔隙度高、TOC含量高、热演化程度适中、气层埋藏适中、保存条件好、储层可压性好、储量规模大，致密砂岩气需全天候气源、中粗粒砂岩、含气层系多、大面积聚集、稳定斜坡区、中浅层埋藏，致密油甜点区段一般具有烃源性、储集性、含油性、流动性、成缝性和经济性“六特性”经济资源条件.中国非常规源岩层系油气资源丰富，源岩层系天然气是天然气上产的“主力”，源岩层系石油是石油稳产的“砝码”，实现地下原位“煤岩燃烧气化、页岩熟化气化”“2个革命性领域”突破是推进源岩层系油气领域“跨越式”发展的关键路径.
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| 关 键 词： | 甜点区段 页岩油气 地下中低熟页岩油转化 煤炭地下气化 细粒沉积模式 经济资源条件 致密油气 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-11 |
Formation,Distribution and Prospect of Unconventional Hydrocarbons in Source Rock Strata in China |
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| Zou Caineng,Yang Zhi,Dong Dazhong,Zhao Qun,Chen Zhenhong,Feng Youliang,Li Jiarui,Wang Xiaoni.Formation,Distribution and Prospect of Unconventional Hydrocarbons in Source Rock Strata in China[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2022,47(5):1517-1533. |
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| Authors: | Zou Caineng Yang Zhi Dong Dazhong Zhao Qun Chen Zhenhong Feng Youliang Li Jiarui Wang Xiaoni |
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| Abstract: | After more than ten years of continuous theoretical and technological research, we have achieved the scale development of tight sandstone gas, the rapid development of shale gas, the sustainable development of coalbed methane, the steady development of tight oil and the accelerated exploration of shale oil. Hydrocarbons in source rock strata have become the main component of increasing reserves and production of unconventional oil and gas in China. Hydrocarbons in source rock strata include source rock oil and gas and tight oil and gas. They generally have the basic geological formation conditions of effective allocation of source rock, reservoir and accumulation and preservation, and show the characteristics of continuous distribution in or near the source. Marine shale gas is mainly distributed in the deep-water shelf area, tight sandstone gas and coalbed methane are generally distributed in the coal measures in the main coal accumulation period, and the oil of shale strata is mainly developed in the oil-rich lacustrine basin with long-term continuous subsidence. The oil and gas development of source rock strata pursues better economic resource conditions of "plane sweet area" and "vertical sweet section", in which, shale gas is of high gas content, high porosity, high TOC content, moderate degree of thermal evolution, moderate gas reservoir burial, good preservation conditions, good reservoir compressibility and large reserve scale, where as tight sandstone gas is of all-process gas source, medium coarse-grained sandstone, many gas bearing strata, large-area accumulation, stable slope area and medium and shallow burial. Economic resource conditions of tight oil sweet section generally show "six characteristics" of source rock, reservoir, oiliness, fluidity, fracturing and economy. China is rich in unconventional source rock strata oil and gas resources. Natural gas in source rock strata is the "main force" of natural gas production, and shale oil is the "weight" of stable oil production. Realizing the "two revolutionary field breakthroughs" of deep shale gas, underground coal gasification and continental shale oil conversion is the key path to promote the "leapfrog" development of source rock strata oil and gas field. |
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