| 基于遥感技术的高山极高山区冰川冰湖变化动态监测 |
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| 引用本文： | 李海,杨成生,惠文华,朱赛楠,张勤.基于遥感技术的高山极高山区冰川冰湖变化动态监测[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2021,32(5):10-17. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李海 杨成生 惠文华 朱赛楠 张勤 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.长安大学地质工程与测绘学院，陕西 西安 710054 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局地质调查项目（DD20190637）；国家自然科学基金项目（41731066）；国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1504805） |
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| 摘 要： | 在全球变暖的大背景下，我国藏南地区冰川持续退缩，冰湖不断扩张，从而引发了一系列的地质灾害问题。文章利用Landsat系列影像，在面向对象分类方法的基础上采用波段比值法和NDWI指数提取了藏南希夏邦玛峰地区1994—2018年共9期冰川和冰湖的面积。研究表明，希夏邦玛峰地区净冰川持续退缩，总体速率为（1.28±0.32）%/a，冰湖的扩张速率约为（1.88±1.07）%/a。同时，面积小于1 km2的冰川退缩极为严重，高达33.25%。其次气象再分析数据表明夏季气温和降水的增加可能是该地区净冰川退缩加快的重要原因，并且共同促进了冰湖的加速扩张，大大提高了该地区冰湖溃决的风险。
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| 关 键 词： | 冰川 遥感 冰湖 冰湖溃决洪水 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-05-11 |
Changes of glaciers and glacier lakes in alpine and extremely alpine regions using remote sensing technology:A case study in the Shisha Pangma area of southern Tibet |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054, China2.China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring (Guide Center of Prevention Technology for Geo-hazards, MNR), Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | Under the background of global warming, glaciers in southern Tibet continue to retreat and glacier lakes continue to expand, resulting in a series of geological disasters. In this paper, based on the object-oriented classification method, the area of glaciers and glacier lakes in Shisha Pangma peak region of South Tibet from 1994 to 2018 were extracted by using band ratio method and NDWI index. The results show that the net glaciers in Shisha Pangma peak region continue to retreat, with an overall rate of (1.28 ± 0.32)%per year, and the expansion rate of the glacier lakes are about (1.88 ±1. 07) %per year. At the same time, glaciers with an area of less than 1 km2 retreat seriously, up to 33.25%. Secondly, the meteorological reanalysis data show that the increase of summer temperature and precipitation may be important reasons for the accelerated retreat of net glaciers in the region, and jointly promote the expansion of glacier lakes, greatly increasing the risk of glacier lakes outburst in the region. |
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