| 基于模拟试验的强降雨条件下花岗岩残积土斜坡滑塌破坏机理分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡华,吴轩,张越.基于模拟试验的强降雨条件下花岗岩残积土斜坡滑塌破坏机理分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2021,32(5):92-97. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡华 吴轩 张越 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.厦门大学建筑与土木工程学院，福建 厦门 361005 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（51278437）；广东省自然科学基金项目（2020A1515010928） |
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| 摘 要： | 以东南沿海地区花岗岩残积土为代表性土样，以土体斜坡坡度、降雨强度为控制变量，设计了降雨滑坡模拟试验方案，在大雨、暴雨、大暴雨、特大暴雨等四种不同降雨等级条件下对四种不同坡度的斜坡模型进行了强降雨模拟试验，研究降雨强度和斜坡坡度对其滑塌破坏的影响特征。结果表明:降雨强度越大，发生深层破坏或浅层整体破坏的趋势越明显，其变形跨塌滑块尺寸越大，破坏范围越集中，破坏程度增强；同时土体裂纹出现的时间越早，斜坡滑塌破坏所需的降雨时长逐渐减少。随斜坡坡度的增大，破坏形式由滑落滑坡逐步转化散落崩塌破坏，其相应斜坡滑塌破坏所需的降雨时长减少。研究结论对揭示降雨引发残积土滑坡等地质灾害发生规律具有重要的理论和现实意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 花岗岩残积土 模拟试验 斜坡模型 降雨强度 斜坡坡度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-04-12 |
Experimental study on slope collapse characteristics of granite residual soil slope under heavy rainfall |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Architecture and Civil Engineering of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China2.Research Institute of Xiamen University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China |
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| Abstract: | The granite residual soil in southeast coast area is selected as the representative soil sample and the simulation test schemes of rainfall triggered landslide are designed with the slope gradient and the rainfall intensity as their control variables. Then the heavy rainfall simulation experiment of slope models with four different gradients are performed under four kinds of different conditions, i.e. heavy rain, rainstorm, heavy rainstorm, extreme rainstorm, and the influence characteristics of rainfall intensity and slope gradient on slope slumping destruction are studied. The results show that the greater rainfall intensity is, the larger the slide block size of collapse is and the more concentrated the scope of damage is, while more obvious the trend of deep or shallow overall damage of slope. In addition, the extent of slope damage is enhanced and the less time needed for soil cracks appear and slope slumping destruction at the same time. With the slope gradient increases, the failure modes of slope gradually become scattered collapse from landslide sliding and the rainfall duration of slope sliding damage is reduced. The research results have important theoretical and practical significance for disclosing the rule of residual soil landslides and other geological disasters triggered by heavy rainfall. |
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