| 雄安新区土壤重金属和砷元素空间分布特征及源解析 |
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| 引用本文： | 董燕,孙璐,李海涛,张作辰,张源,李刚,郭小彪.雄安新区土壤重金属和砷元素空间分布特征及源解析[J].水文地质工程地质,2021,48(3):172-181. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董燕 孙璐 李海涛 张作辰 张源 李刚 郭小彪 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地质环境监测院，北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局地质调查项目（DD20189142） |
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| 摘 要： | 研究雄安地区土壤重金属和砷元素空间分布特征及其来源，对于支撑新区土地资源和环境管理具有重要意义。基于雄安新区土壤环境调查，运用地统计学方法和ArcGIS 技术分析模拟了土壤中As、Hg、Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Cr等8种元素空间分布特征，综合运用空间分析、多元统计学方法和正定因子矩阵模型解析这些元素的主要来源。结果表明:（1）区内土壤质量总体良好，4.35 %的土壤样品Cd和Cu含量超过农用地土壤污染风险筛选值，但均低于农用地土壤污染风险管控值；与河北省背景值相比，Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn和Hg存在不同程度中度和显著富集。（2）As、Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Cr含量呈现出由北部向南部逐渐增高的趋势，高值区主要分布在新区西南部；Hg元素分布分散，高值区主要分布在城镇及工业企业周边。（3）不同土地利用类型土壤剖面重金属和砷元素垂向分布受pH值、有机碳和铁铝氧化物等理化性质影响显著。（4）研究区土壤重金属和砷元素富集受人类活动影响明显，人为来源贡献率达67.12 %，Hg元素主要来源于人为排放的大气沉降富集，As元素富集受到废渣堆放和利用的影响，Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn元素富集受工业生产、污水灌溉以及尾气排放等活动影响。研究成果可为雄安新区合理制定土地资源开发利用和生态保护措施提供技术支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 雄安新区 土壤重金属 富集程度 空间分布 源解析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-06-17 |
Sources and spatial distribution of heavy metals and arsenic in soils from Xiongan New Area,China |
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| Affiliation: | 1.China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100081, China2.School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China3.Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China4.Hebei Research Centre for Geoanalysis, Baoding, Hebei 071052, China |
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| Abstract: | Conducting the soil environmental condition survey and accessing the distribution and potential sources of heavy metals and arsenic in soils in Xiongan New Area are of great significance for the land resources and environment management of the district. Based on the data of soil survey samples in the Xiongan New Area, spatial distributions of the elements (As, Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni and Cr) are analyzed and computed by using geostatistics and ArcGIS techniques. A combination of spatial analysis, multivariate statistical analysis, and positive matrix factorization model is used to assess the sources of these elements. The result show that the soil quality is good and the pollution risk is low. Approximately 4.35% of the soil samples for Cd and Cu have total concentrations higher than the risk screening values for soil contamination of agricultural land, and lower than the risk control values for soil contamination of agricultural land. However, moderate and significant enrichment in Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and Hg in the surface soils was observed compared with their background values of Hebei province. The contents of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni and Cr exhibite a gradually increasing trend from north to south. These elements principally concentrate in the southwest of the study area. The distribution of Hg is relatively dispersed, and the high-values are mainly located in the urban and industrial areas. The vertical distributions of heavy metals and arsenic in soils of different landuse types are dominantly controlled by physicochemical factors such as pH, organic carbon, and Fe/Al oxides. Anthropogenic sources contribute 67.12% of the heavy metal concentrations in soils, indicating the great influence on soil heavy metal accumulation. Hg is dominated by atmospheric deposition related to anthropogenic emissions such as coal combustion and smelting activities. As is principally affected by industrial activities. Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn are influenced by anthropogenic activities such as industrial production, sewage irrigation and vehicle emission. |
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