| 巴丹吉林沙漠潜水蒸发的数值模拟研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 周燕怡,王旭升.巴丹吉林沙漠潜水蒸发的数值模拟研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2019,0(5):44-54. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周燕怡 王旭升 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学（北京）水资源与环境学院,北京100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(91125024) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了确定巴丹吉林沙漠潜水蒸发强度与地下水埋深的关系,基于巴丹吉林沙漠的气候背景、砂土特征和不同地下水埋深时的典型植被特点设计了54种情景,利用Hydrus-1D建立不同情景下的SPAC水分运移模型,对周期性气象条件驱动下的潜水蒸发开展数值模拟。模拟结果表明:多年平均潜水蒸发量有着随地下水埋深增大而非线性减小的趋势;不同情景的极限埋深都大于3m,在埋深等于3m时潜水蒸发量都小于最大值的5%;当地下水埋深为0.5~1.5m时,潜水蒸发量对地下水埋深的变化最为敏感;当地下水埋深为1m时,潜水蒸发量对包气带岩性的变化也很敏感;在地下水埋深小于0.5m和大于1.5m的区间,气候、岩性、地下水埋深的变化对潜水蒸发量的影响变得微弱。另外,多年平均潜水蒸发量和地下水埋深的这种非线性关系可以用一个新提出的经验公式进行较为准确的拟合,将这个研究结果用于评价巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊集中区地下水的蒸发消耗,发现潜水蒸发总量显著大于湖面蒸发总量,前者约为后者的2.5~2.6倍,必须在沙漠水分平衡的分析中加以考虑。
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| 关 键 词： | 干旱区 潜水蒸发 极限埋深 湖泊 阿拉善 数值模拟 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-10-18 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-12-19 |
Numerical simulation of groundwater evaporation in the Badain Jaran Desert of China |
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| ZHOU Yanyi,WANG Xusheng.Numerical simulation of groundwater evaporation in the Badain Jaran Desert of China[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2019,0(5):44-54. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Yanyi WANG Xusheng |
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| Affiliation: | School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing100083, China |
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| Abstract: | To determine the relationship between groundwater evaporation and depth to the water table in the Badain Jaran Desert, 54 different scenarios are designed based on the climate background, the characteristics of aeolian sandy soils and the typical vegetaion types at different groundwater depths of the the desert, and the SPAC water transport models for each scenarios are established to numerically simulate the groundwater evaporation which are driven by the periodic meteorological conditions. The simulation results show that the annual average groundwater evaporation decreases non-linearly with the increasing depth to the water table. The extinction depths under different scenarios are greater than 3 m, and the groundwater evaporation is less than 5% of the maximum value when the water table is at a depth of 3 m. When the depth to the water table is 0.5-1.5 m, the groundwater evaporation is very sensitive to the change in the depth to the water table, and when the depth to the water table is 1 m, the groundwater evaporation is also sensitive to the lithology of the vadose zone. When the depth to the water table is beyond the scope of 0.5-1.5 m, the impact of the climate, lithology and depth to the water table on groundwater evaporation becomes weak. In addition, the nonlinear relationship between the annual average groundwater evaporation and the depth to the water table can be accurately fitted with a newly proposed empirical formula. The quantity of the groundwater evaporation in the lake concentration area of the Badain Jaran Desert is assessed based on the above fitting results. The evaluation results show that the total amount of the groundwater evaporation is significantly larger than that of the evaporation from the lake surface, and the former is 2.5-2.6 times as large as the latter, which must be considered in the analysis of the water balance. |
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| Keywords: | arid area groundwater evaporation extinction depth lake Alxa numerical simulation |
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