| 龙羊峡、刘家峡水库运用对黄河上游水沙关系的调控机制 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 姚文艺,侯素珍,丁赟.龙羊峡、刘家峡水库运用对黄河上游水沙关系的调控机制[J].水科学进展,2017,28(1):1-13. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 姚文艺 侯素珍 丁赟 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.黄河水利科学研究院水利部黄土高原水土流失过程与控制重点实验室, 河南 郑州 450003; |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）资助项目（2011CB403303）；“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目（2012BAB02B03） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 依据龙羊峡、刘家峡水库进出库水沙定位观测资料，根据河流动力学原理，分析了水库运用对径流泥沙过程的调节作用及其影响，揭示了水库对其下游河道水沙关系的调控机制。结果表明:①大型水库运用对进、出库径流泥沙的调节作用与水库的运用方式有关，多年调节的龙羊峡水库对径流为线性调控，对泥沙为非线性调控，而不完全年调节的刘家峡水库对径流、泥沙均为线性调控；②水库运用对其下游河道水沙关系具有很强的干扰作用，主要是打破了天然条件下河道通过长期自动调整所形成的输沙规律，改变了挟沙水流的本构关系；③大型水库运用对水沙关系动力学机制的影响主要归因于重新调整了挟沙水流的平衡条件，使洪水传播过程中切应力降低，临界弗劳德数增大，改变了相对平衡输沙状态，挟沙水流则需通过淤积增大比降，满足临界弗劳德数状态下的水流切应力要求，重新实现挟沙水流的平稳状态，从而致使水沙关系发生相应变化。
|
| 关 键 词： | 大型水库 调控机制 水沙关系 宁蒙河段 黄河上游 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-10-23 |
Effects on flow and sediment in the upper Yellow River by operation of Longyangxia Reservior and Liujiaxia Reservoir |
| |
| YAO Wenyi,HOU Suzhen,DING Yun.Effects on flow and sediment in the upper Yellow River by operation of Longyangxia Reservior and Liujiaxia Reservoir[J].Advances in Water Science,2017,28(1):1-13. |
| |
| Authors: | YAO Wenyi HOU Suzhen DING Yun |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1.MWR Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Loss Process and Control in the Loess Plateau, Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China;2.College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China |
| |
| Abstract: | The regulation mechanism of Longyangxia and Liujiaxia Reservoir on runoff and sediment process is one of the key scientific problems to recognize flow and sediment variation in the Yellow River and optimize the reservoir operation modes. According to the located-observation data of water and sediment in Longyangxia and Liujiaxia Reservoirs, this paper analyzes the regulation and effect of reservoir to runoff and sediment process and reveals the controlling mechanism for the relationship between water and sediment. The main understandings achieved are:① The regulation of large reservoir operation on runoff sediment is related to the operation mode of the reservoir. The pluriennial regulation of Longyangxia Reservoir results in the linear regulation of runoff and nonlinear regulation of sediment transport. The incomplete annual regulation of Liujiaxia Reservoir results in both linear regulation of runoff and sediment; ② Reservoir operation on the Regulation of runoff and sediment has a strong disturbance to the downstream water and sediment relation. It broke the sediment law under natural conditions of the river formed by long-term automatically adjustment and changed the constitutive relation of runoff sediment; ③ The effects of large reservoir operation on the dynamic mechanism for the relationship of water and sediment regulation mainly reflect in adjusting the dynamic equilibrium conditions of sediment-laden flow in which the shear stress decreased in the process of flood propagation. It makes the critical Froude number increase, resulting in the sediment-laden flow by siltation to increase gradient ratio to meet the critical water shear stress requirements of the Froude number state and reach the steady state of sediment-laden flow to stress the relationship between water and sediment change accordingly. |
| |
| Keywords: | large reservoir regulation mechanism relationship between flow and sediment Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach upper reach of the Yellow River |
|
| 点击此处可从《水科学进展》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《水科学进展》下载全文 |
