| 应对干旱的黄河干流梯级水库群协同调度 |
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| 引用本文： | 彭少明,王煜,尚文绣,郑小康,李克飞.应对干旱的黄河干流梯级水库群协同调度[J].水科学进展,2020,31(2):172-183. |
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| 作者姓名： | 彭少明 王煜 尚文绣 郑小康 李克飞 |
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| 作者单位： | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003;郑州大学水利科学与工程学院,河南郑州450001;黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划资助项目2017YFC0404406国家自然科学基金资助项目51879240 |
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| 摘 要： | 科学控制梯级水库蓄泄过程是减少旱灾损失的重要手段。以减少干旱年份流域缺水量和优化缺水时空分布为目标,构建应对干旱的梯级水库群多时空尺度协同优化调度模型。采用交互式与改进粒子群优化方法,外层寻求多年调节水库旱限水位最优控制,内层优化梯级水库群年内蓄泄过程,实现流域水资源年际调控、年内优化、库群协同、空间协调。以2014年的黄河流域重旱为例,通过模型优化提出2012—2014年龙羊峡水库旱限水位及梯级水库群年内蓄泄过程,结果表明:通过龙羊峡水库旱限水位控制实现跨年度补水,控制各年度缺水率在4.9%~5.7%之间,通过水库群出库过程优化控制不同区域各时段缺水均匀分布,将农业缺水率控制在7.0%~11.0%之间,显著减轻了旱灾损失。
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| 关 键 词： | 干旱 应对 梯级水库群 优化 改进粒子群算法 黄河流域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-05-09 |
Response of synergetic optimal operation of cascade reservoirs to drought in the main stream of the Yellow River |
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| PENG Shaoming,WANG Yu,SHANG Wenxiu,ZHENG Xiaokang,LI Kefei.Response of synergetic optimal operation of cascade reservoirs to drought in the main stream of the Yellow River[J].Advances in Water Science,2020,31(2):172-183. |
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| Authors: | PENG Shaoming WANG Yu SHANG Wenxiu ZHENG Xiaokang LI Kefei |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450003, China2.School of Water Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Univerisity, Zhengzhou 450001, China |
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| Abstract: | The scientific operation of cascade reservoirs is an important means of mitigating losses from drought. In this study, a multi-spatial-temporal scale synergetic optimal operation model of cascade reservoirs is established with the goal of decreasing the severity of water shortages in the basin and optimize the spatial and temporal distribution of those shortages. An interactive and improved nested particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used to produce the model. In the outer layer, the optimal control of drought limit water level for multi-year regulating storage reservoir was realized, and in the inner layer the water storage and discharge processes of cascade reservoirs were optimized to realize the inter-annual regulation, intra-annual optimization, synergy among cascade reservoirs, and spatial coordination. The model developed in this study was applied to the cascade reservoirs in the main stream of the Yellow River during 2012—2014 to optimize drought limit water levels of the Longyangxia Reservoir and water discharge processes of cascade reservoirs to cope with the serious drought in 2014. The results show that inter-annual water supply is realized through the use of the drought limit water level in the Longyangxia Reservoir, which kept the water shortage ratios of each year between 4.9% and 5.7%. The system also kept water shortages evenly distributed across different regions at different times by optimizing the water discharge processes of cascade reservoirs. The agricultural water shortage ratios were kept between 7.0% and 11.0%, mitigating drought loss significantly. |
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| Keywords: | drought coping mechanisms cascade reservoirs optimization improved particle swarm optimization Yellow River basin |
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