| 不同林草系统对集水区水量平衡的影响研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 代俊峰,陈家宙,崔远来,何园球,马吉刚.不同林草系统对集水区水量平衡的影响研究[J].水科学进展,2006,17(4):435-443. |
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| 作者姓名： | 代俊峰 陈家宙 崔远来 何园球 马吉刚 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室, 湖北, 武汉, 430072; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金;教育部跨世纪优秀人才培养计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 应用SWAT99.2模型(Soil and Water Assessment Tool),系统地研究了红壤丘岗集水区4种林草系统(自然草被、阔叶林、混交林和针叶林)的地表径流、根层渗漏、蒸发蒸腾、土壤蓄水量的时空特点,并用实测的地表径流对模型进行校正和验证,月地表径流的Nash-Sutcliffe模拟效率系数达到0.74,模拟值和观测值的决定系数达0.90。结果表明,降水的年内分配不均造成了径流、渗漏、土壤蓄水量月份之间的差异,年际间气象条件(特别是降水)的差异性导致了水量平衡支出项的年际差异,其中径流量和渗漏量受降水的影响最大,蒸发蒸腾量次之,土壤蓄水量的年变化量受降水的影响最小;林地能有效地减少区域的地表径流量,其中以阔叶林和混交林的效果最好;林地入渗性能大于草地;蒸发蒸腾量是林地水量平衡支出中最大的一项,且3种林地的蒸发蒸腾量均大于草地。水量平衡的预测结果显示,土地利用方式是区域短期水量平衡的主要影响因子。
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| 关 键 词： | 林草系统 集水区 水量平衡 SWAT模型 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-6791（2006）04-0435-09 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-01-25 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005-08-12 |
Impact of forest and grass ecosystems on the water budget of the catchments |
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| DAI Jun-feng,CHEN Jia-zhou,CUI Yuan-lai,HE Yuan-qiu,MA Ji-gang.Impact of forest and grass ecosystems on the water budget of the catchments[J].Advances in Water Science,2006,17(4):435-443. |
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| Authors: | DAI Jun-feng CHEN Jia-zhou CUI Yuan-lai HE Yuan-qiu MA Ji-gang |
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| Affiliation: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;2.College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;3.Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;4.Management Bureau of Water Diversion from the Yellow River into Qingdao of Shandong Province, Jinan 250013, China |
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| Abstract: | The characteristics of the temporalspatial distribution of the surface runoff,the percolation from the root zone, the evapotranspiration and the soil water storage of the four forest and grass ecosystems(the natural grassland,the board-leaved forest land,the mixed forest land and the coniferous forest land) in the hilly region of red soil are studied with the soil and water assessment tool(SWAT) 99.2 model.The outputs of SWAT model are calibrated and validated against the observed surface runoff.Comparing the simulated monthly surface runoff with the observed one,we gain a good result with a deterministic efficiency of 0.90 and an simulation efficiency of 0.74.The results shows the variation of the rainfall within a year is the most important factor that leads to the difference of the monthly surface runoff,the percolation and the soil water storage in the red soil area.And the annual fluctuation of weather conditions,especially the rainfall,results in the fluctuation of the water budget.Of the water outputs,the surface runoff and the percolation are influenced most by the rainfall,then the evapotranspiration.The annual fluctuation of the soil water storage is very little.Compared with the natural grassland,the forest land reduces the surface runoff more effectively,in which the board-leaved forest land and the mixed forest land are preferable.The water infiltration property of the forest land is better than the natural grassland.And the evapotranspiration of the forest land is much larger than that of the natural grassland.The results show that land use mostly influences the short-term water budget in the region scale. |
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| Keywords: | forest and grass ecosystem catchments water budget SWAT model |
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