| 长山列岛邻近海域鱼类群落功能多样性的季节和空间变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 邹建宇,刘淑德,张崇良,薛莹,纪毓鹏,徐宾铎.长山列岛邻近海域鱼类群落功能多样性的季节和空间变化[J].海洋学报,2023,45(1):13-24. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邹建宇 刘淑德 张崇良 薛莹 纪毓鹏 徐宾铎 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国海洋大学 水产学院，山东 青岛 266003 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2019YFD0901205）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为查明黄、渤海生态交错带长山列岛邻近海域鱼类功能多样性的时空变化，根据2016-2017年在长山列岛邻近海域开展的鱼类生物资源和环境因子的调查数据，结合食性、营养级、洄游类型、适温性、恢复力和鱼卵类型等13种功能性状，应用群落特征加权平均数指数、功能多样性指数和Spearman秩相关分析等方法，研究了该海域鱼类功能多样性的季节变化、空间格局及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明，春、冬季的优势类群为端位或上位口、生长系数较低、脆弱性较高、恢复力较低、定居或短距离洄游的平扁形、暖温性底层鱼类，夏、秋季表现出更多的功能性状，例如长距离洄游、栖息位置处于中上层、体型为侧扁形和纺锤形等；夏、秋季的功能丰富度指数显著高于春、冬季，功能均匀度指数在春季最高，功能离散度指数在秋季最低且显著低于其他季节；春季功能均匀度指数和春、秋季功能离散度指数均表现出西高东低的分布趋势，夏、冬季的功能丰富度指数和秋季的功能均匀度指数均表现出东高西低的分布趋势；功能多样性指数与环境因子具有一定的相关性。长山列岛邻近海域作为黄、渤海生态交错带，鱼类洄游引起优势功能性状和功能多样性呈现出一定的季节变化，环境因子的变化使得功能多样...
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| 关 键 词： | 鱼类群落 功能多样性 时空格局 长山列岛邻近海域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-05-24 |
Seasonal and spatial changes in functional diversity of fish communities in the adjacent waters of the Changshan Islands |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China2.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China3.Field Observation and Research Station of Haizhou Bay Fishery Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China4.General Station of Fishery Development and Resources Conservation of Shandong Province, Yantai 264003, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to identify the functional diversity of the adjacent waters of the Changshan Islands in the ecotone between the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea, based on the quarterly survey of fish biological resources and environment factors from October 2016 to August 2017, combined with 13 functional traits such as feeding habit, trophic level, migration type, thermophily, resilience and fish eggs type, the spatio-temporal pattern of functional diversity and its relationship with environmental factors were studied by using community weighted mean index (CWM), functional diversity index and Spearman rank correlation analysis. The results showed that the dominant species of fish community in spring and winter were depressiform, warm temperate and demersal species with the characteristics of anterior or upper mouth, low growth coefficient, high vulnerability, low resilience and non-migration or short distance migration. The dominant species in summer and autumn showed more functional traits, such as long distance migration, pelagic, fusiform and compressiform. FRic in summer and autumn was significantly higher than that in spring and winter, FEve was the highest in spring, and FDiv was the lowest in autumn and was significantly lower than other seasons. FEve in spring and season and FDiv in spring and autumn showed a trend of high in the west and low in the east, while FRic in summer and winter and FEve in autumn showed a trend of high in the east and low in the west. There was a certain correlation between environmental factors and functional diversity index. As an ecotone between the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea, the functional traits of the dominant species and functional diversity show seasonal variations made by the fish migration, and the spatial pattern of functional diversity shows complexity and heterogeneity made by environment changing in the adjacent waters of the Changshan Islands. |
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