| 基于DEM的四川省地面气象台站地形特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄晓龙,徐晓莉,吴薇,龙柯吉,王丽伟.基于DEM的四川省地面气象台站地形特征分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2022,42(1):135-142. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄晓龙 徐晓莉 吴薇 龙柯吉 王丽伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室, 成都 610072 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2021Z007)；四川省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2022YFS0541)；西南区域多源融合实况产品研究创新团队(西南气中[2018]13号)；高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金项目(SCQXKJQN202035)；高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金重大专项 (SCQXKJZD202102) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用DEM资料，获取四川省地面气象台站的海拔高度并进行精度验证，在此基础上，进一步提取台站所处的坡度、坡向、地形粗糙度特征进行分析。结果表明:DEM数据能较为精确地反映四川气象台站的地形高度，具有较高的适用性。通过分析国家站、区域考核站和非考核站的台站地形特征发现，3种站网类型均主要分布在低海拔地区，且在500 m左右地区最密集，国家站分布相对均匀。3种站网类型台站所处坡度主要分布在0°~15°，且在缓斜坡地形最为集中，国家站较区域站分布均匀。3种台站类型在阳坡、阴坡、东坡和西坡各坡向站点分布比较一致，超过81%的台站地形粗糙度在1.05°之内，国家站地势相对平缓。总之，国家站较区域考核和非考核站更具有区域代表性。
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| 关 键 词： | DEM 地面气象台站 地形特征 地形因子 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-06-28 |
Analysis of Terrain Characteristics of Meteorological Stations in Sichuan Province Based on DEM |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, China2.Sichuan Meteorological Observation and Data Centre, Chengdu 210044, China3.Sichuan Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Chengdu 610072, China4.Jilin Meteorological Information Centre, Changchun 130062, China |
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| Abstract: | Using DEM data, the altitude of ground meteorological stations in Sichuan Province was obtained and the accuracy was verified. On this basis, the slope, aspect and terrain roughness of the meteorological station were extracted for analysis. The results show that the DEM data can more accurately reflect the terrain height of the Sichuan Meteorological Station, and it has high applicability. Through the analysis of the topographic characteristics of the national stations, regional assessment stations and non-assessment stations, it is found that the three types of station networks are mainly distributed in low-altitude areas, and the densest areas are around 500m. The distribution of national stations is relatively even. The slope of the stations of the three types of station networks are mainly distributed between 0 and 15°, and the topography is most concentrated on gentle slope, and national stations are more evenly distributed than regional stations. The three types of stations are relatively uniform in the distribution on the sunny slope, shady slope, east slope and west slope. More than 81% of the stations have a topographic roughness within 1.05°, and the topography of the national stations is relatively flat. In short, the national stations are more regionally representative than regional assessment and non-assessment stations. |
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