| 川渝地区两类西南涡形成前环境物理量场分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 曾波,何光碧,余莲.川渝地区两类西南涡形成前环境物理量场分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2016,36(4):9-16. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曾波 何光碧 余莲 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国气象局成都高原气象研究所/高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室, 成都 610072 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(91337215)、高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室开放基金(BROP201612)、国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2012CB417202)、川气课题2013-青年-03和川气课题2015-青年-12共同资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用地面自动站常规资料、探空资料和NCEP再分析资料,挑选了2009~2012年发生在27~33°N,105~110°E的25个有暴雨产生和25个没有暴雨产生的西南涡。通过再分析资料对两类系统形成前的环境物理量场进行对比分析,结果表明有无暴雨产生的西南涡形成前约6h的环境物理量场区别明显:在对流层低层,相对无暴雨产生的西南涡,有暴雨产生的西南涡强度、尺度及冷暖空气交汇更强,涡西北侧有一股较强冷空气侵入;在对流层中层,有暴雨产生的西南涡在上游有小槽存在,而无暴雨产生的西南涡不存在明显的波动小槽;在对流层高层,有暴雨产生的西南涡的涡中心位于南亚高压东北侧,高空急流在距离涡区北侧约500km处,而无暴雨产生的西南涡上空为强劲的高空急流,没有闭合的南亚高压形态存在。有暴雨产生的西南涡水汽输送和水汽汇聚量比无暴雨产生的西南涡更大;有暴雨产生的西南涡具有低层辐合、正涡度和高层负涡度、辐散的一致性叠置特征,而无暴雨产生的西南涡此特征不显著;有暴雨产生的西南涡的涡中心附近上升运动为大值中心,中心及西、南侧为中性或不稳定层结,而无暴雨产生的西南涡的涡中心不是上升运动大值中心,低层为中性层结。
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| 关 键 词： | 川渝地区 西南涡 暴雨 环境场分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-10-08 |
Analysis of the Physical Field for Two Types of Southwest Vortexes before Formation Period in Sichuan-Chongqing Region |
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| Affiliation: | Chengdu Institute of Plateau Meteorological, China Meteorology Administration/Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the ground automatic station routine data,sounding data and NCEP reanalysis data,25 southwest vortexes with rainstorm and 25 ones with non-rainstorm happened in the area (27 ~ 33°N,105 ~ 110°E) are selected from 2009 to 2012. Significant differences are found between the environment physical quantities of the two types of southwest vortexes with rainstorm and non-rainstorm about 6h prior to formation by using the reanalysis data for comparative analysis of the reanalysis data: In the low troposphere,intensity and scale of the southwest vortexes with rainstorm comparison with non-rainstorm are stronger and larger,also stronger exhibition in the mixing of cold and warm air and cold air intruding into its northwest edge. In the middle troposphere,there exists small trough in upstream of the vortexes with rainstorm comparison non-storm. In the upper troposphere,the center formation of vortexes with rainstorm are located in the northeast of the South Asia high,the upper level jet appeared at about 500 km north of vortex. The center formation of vortexes with non-storm are located in the upper level jet and absent the closed South Asia high. For the southwest vortexes with rainstorm,relative to the one with non-rainstorm,the water vapor of transportation and convergence is large. The characteristic of consistency of superimposition of the positive vorticity and convergence in low level corresponding with the negative vorticity and divergence in upper level is more obvious for the southwest vortexes with rainstorm,which is less significant for the southwest vortexes with non-rainstorm. The center of the southwest vortexes with rainstorm and nearby exists the max value center of the upward movement,and the west,south and center of the vortexes is the instability or neutral stratification atmosphere. The center of the neutral stratification atmosphere in low level of the southwest vortexes with non-rainstorm isn't the max value center of the upward movement. |
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