Time-frequency analysis method of fusing sequence stratigraphy identifies favorable sand bodies: taking Weizhou A tectonic lake bottom fan as an example
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摘要:
针对油气勘探面临的圈闭规模小, 地质沉积相变快等复杂情形, 如果受地震分辨率不足的制约, 可以通过时频分析技术在时间域和频率域上进行精细的地震信号聚焦, 以达到提高识别小型油气目标精度的目的.本文在阐述时频分析技术原理的基础上, 与层序地层学分析有机结合, 确立了湖底扇有利砂体的能量团随频率变化的方向性及其响应强度等时频特征, 揭示了湖底扇砂体由于岩性、物性或孔隙流体性质变化所导致的时频特征的差异.研究结果表明, 以湖底扇频率响应分布特征为前提, 利用时频分析技术将涠洲A湖底扇各朵叶体甜点的瞬时频率变化特征类比能反映湖底扇有利砂体的优势频率变化的规律, 可以定性地预测湖底扇各朵叶储层甜点的岩性组合信息, 从而降低朵叶体甜点岩性解释的多解性, 为有利砂岩的发现及油气开发提供了技术支撑.
Abstract:Aimed at the complicated situations faced by oil-gas exploration, such as small size of traps and fast geological sedimentary phase transitions.It is urgent to research by insufficient seismic resolution, time-frequency analysis technology can be used to focus fine seismic signals in the time and frequency domains, in order to improve the accuracy of identifying small oil-gas targets. On the basis of explaining the principle of time-frequency analysis technology and organically combining it with sequence stratigraphy analysis, this article establishes the directionality and response intensity of the energy cluster of favorable sand bodies in the lake bottom fan with frequency changes, and reveals the differences in time-frequency characteristics caused by changes in lithology, physical properties, or pore fluid properties of the sand bodies in the lake bottom fan. The research results show that based on the frequency response distribution characteristics of the lake bottom fan, using time-frequency analysis technology to analogize the instantaneous frequency change characteristics of sweet spots in each lobe of the A lake bottom fan in Weizhou that can reflect the dominant frequency change pattern of favorable sand bodies in the lake bottom fan, and can qualitatively predict the lithological combination information of sweet spots in each lobe reservoir of the lake bottom fan. In addition, it can reduced the ambiguity of lithological interpretation of sweet spots in the lobe, which provided technical supports for the discovery of favorable sandstones and oil-gas development.
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图 1
人工合成记录不同时频算法时频分布图
Figure 1.
Artificial synthesis records time-frequency distribution maps of different time-frequency algorithms
图 2
过湖底扇A12W1~A12113d~A112E11井连井测线时频谱分析
Figure 2.
Spectral analysis of well logging lines from A12W1 to A12113d to A112E11 across the sublacustrine fan
图 3
过湖底扇钻井的连井测线时频谱分析
Figure 3.
Spectral analysis of connected well logging lines for drilling through lake bottom fans
图 4
过湖底扇瞬时频率与相干属性融合的等时切片
Figure 4.
Isochronous slicing of instantaneous frequency and coherent properties fusion of the sublacustrine fan
图 5
过湖底扇朵叶体反射强度属性变化测线分布图
Figure 5.
Distribution map of profile measurement lines for changes in reflection intensity attributes of fan leaves passing through the sublacustrine fan
图 6
过湖底扇朵叶体测线1的时频分析图
Figure 6.
Time frequency analysis diagram of the fan blade body passing through the sublacustrine fan, line 1
图 7
过湖底扇朵叶体测线2的时频分析图
Figure 7.
Time frequency analysis diagram of the fan blade body passing through the sublacustrine fan, line 2
图 8
层序地层学约束下的时频分析技术应用效果分析
Figure 8.
Analysis of the application effect of time-frequency analysis technology under the constraint of sequence stratigraphy
表 1
湖底扇钻井时频特征与岩性信息分析表
Table 1.
Analysis of time-frequency characteristics and lithological information of drilling in the lake bottom fan
井名 湖底扇发育的测井油气解释 纵向能量团变化 岩性组合 砂岩发育段 砂泥互层段(砂岩百分含量低) 砂泥互层段(砂岩百分含量高) 泥岩发育段 主频 频带 低频能量 主频 频带 低频能量 主频 频带 低频能量 主频 频带 低频能量 A12110d 油水同层，差油 低频~高频~低频 偏高 宽 偏弱 A12113d 油层 低频~高频~低频 偏低 宽 强 A121W1 泥岩 低频~高频~低频 偏高 宽 减弱 A112E11 油水同层，干层 低频~高频~低频 偏低 窄 减弱 
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