| 雹暴系统中单体相互作用宏微观物理过程研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈秋梅,周筠珺,邹书平,杨哲,曾勇.雹暴系统中单体相互作用宏微观物理过程研究[J].高原山地气象研究,2022,42(4):18-26. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈秋梅 周筠珺 邹书平 杨哲 曾勇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.成都信息工程大学, 成都 610225 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41875169）；第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目（2019QZKK0104）；贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合支撑 [2019]2387 号）；四川省科技计划项目（2022YFS0545） |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究雹暴过程中单体相互作用的演变特征，利用X波段双线偏振天气雷达和二维闪电监测数据，结合常规气象探空和ERA5再分析资料，分析了贵州威宁县2018年4月30日一次雹暴天气过程中单体合并特征。结果表明:本次雹暴天气主要受两单体合并影响，合并初期有“云桥”现象发生，两单体的强降水促进了连接处的增长；合并使对流系统整体加强发展，初期上升气流和下沉气流的相互作用使雷暴回波顶高降低；冰雹粒子在合并阶段呈现增长趋势，大值主要出现在合并结束前6 min和合并后6 min。本次天气过程中，负地闪频次占总地闪的94%；闪电频次在合并阶段出现跃增现象且达到峰值，较大的上升速度使得低密度霰和冰晶的增速超过高密度霰增速的5倍，低密度霰与冰晶粒子之间非感应碰撞是主要的起电过程；合并完成后，回波顶高下降，上升气流减弱，大粒子下落，受附近新生对流的影响，系统的霰粒子与冰晶粒子数短暂增加，闪电发生频次再次上升。
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| 关 键 词： | 雹暴 单体合并 微物理 闪电活动 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-11-01 |
Study on the Macro and Micro Physics Process of Monomer Interaction in Hailstorm System |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China2.Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and valuation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China3.Artificial Weather Office of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550081, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to explore the evolution characteristics of interactions between thunderstorm monomers during hailstorm, by using X-band dual linear polarization weather radar data, two-dimensional lightning monitoring data and the combination of conventional meteorological sounding and ERA5 reanalysis data, the merging characteristics of thunderstorm monomers during a hailstorm on 30 April 2018 in Weining County, Guizhou Province are analyzed. The results show that: The hailstorm was mainly affected by the merger of the two monomers, with the occurrence of “Cloud Bridge” at the beginning of the merger, and the heavy precipitation of the two monomers in the early stage of the merger promoted the growth of the joint. The merger strengthened the overall development of the convective system, and the interaction of updraft and downdraft airflows in the early stage of the merger reduced the peak height of thunderstorm echoes. The hail particles showed an increasing trend in the merger stage, and the maximum value of hail particles mainly occurred 6 minutes before the end of the merger and 6 minutes after the merger. In this weather process, the number of negative cloud-to-ground flashes accounted for 94% of the total cloud-to-ground flashes. The frequency of lightning jumped and peaked during the merger stage, and the larger rising speed made the growth rate of low-density graupel particles and ice crystal particles exceed 5 times that of high-density graupel particles, while the non-inductive collision between low-density graupel particles and ice crystal particles was the main electrification process. After the merger, the echo peak dropped, the updraft airflow weakened, and the large particles fell. Affected by the nearby newborn convection, the graupel particles and ice crystal particles in the system increased in a short time, and the frequency of lightning increased again. |
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