| 生态海绵智慧流域建设——从状态改变到能力提升 |
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| 引用本文： | 严登华,王浩,张建云,王振龙,邢子强,秦天玲.生态海绵智慧流域建设——从状态改变到能力提升[J].水科学进展,2017,28(2):302-310. |
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| 作者姓名： | 严登华 王浩 张建云 王振龙 邢子强 秦天玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国水利水电科学研究院, 北京 100038; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（91547209）；流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室代表性成果培育项目（2016CG02）；国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFA0601503） |
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| 摘 要： | 在气候变化和人类活动日趋增强的影响下，同一流域往往面临着水资源、水环境、水生态和水沙等多种水问题，且干旱和洪涝等极端事件发生的频率日渐增强；系统治理及减缓极值化，成为流域综合治理关键任务，而提升流域对水循环多过程的调节能力则是其关键。在对中国水问题发展形势进行研判的基础上，系统剖析了传统治水模式中强调“状态改变”、“末端治理”、“过程分离”等的不足；明晰了变化环境下水问题系统治理的总体需求和生态海绵智慧流域建设的总体思路；提出了生态海绵智慧流域建设的总体技术框架和若干关键问题。生态海绵智慧流域建设将充分遵循水循环多过程的演变规律，规范人类水土资源开发活动，实现地表-土壤-地下多过程、水量-水质-泥沙-水生态的联合调控，最大限度实现“去极值化”，建设健全流域的综合服务功能，保育“山水林田湖”生命体功能。
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| 关 键 词： | 系统治理 减缓极值化 末端治理 能力提升 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-10-06 |
Construction of an ecological sponge-smart river basins: from changing status to improving capability |
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| YAN Denghua,WANG Hao,ZHANG Jianyun,WANG Zhenlong,XING Ziqiang,QIN Tianling.Construction of an ecological sponge-smart river basins: from changing status to improving capability[J].Advances in Water Science,2017,28(2):302-310. |
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| Authors: | YAN Denghua WANG Hao ZHANG Jianyun WANG Zhenlong XING Ziqiang QIN Tianling |
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| Affiliation: | 1.China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, Beijing 100038, China;3.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China;4.Anhui and Huaihe River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Bengbu 233000, China |
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| Abstract: | With the increasing impacts of both climate change and human activities, river basins were usually facing multiple water issues, which can impact water quantity, water environment, aquatic ecology and sediments. Simultaneously, increased frequencies of extreme hydrological events, such as droughts and floods, were observed. Thus, systematic management and retardation of extreme hydrological events became crucial goals of integrated water basin management. Raising the regulation capacity to multiple water cycling processes in a river basin is an important pathway. In this paper, based on the judgement of the China's major water issues, we analyzed the shortage of traditional water basin management, which relied on changing status of water cycling processes, end-of-pipe control technologies and the process dissociation. We analyzed the overall demand of solving water problems from a systematic level under the changing environment, the general idea of the ecological sponge-smart river basins construction, and proposed the theoretical framework and the critical research questions of the ecological sponge-smart river basins. The construction of ecological sponge-smart river basins should base on ① taking full consideration of the evolutional rules of multiple water cycling processes; ② regulating human activities, including exploring water and land resources; ③ achieving the joint regulation among the surface-soil-underground hydrological processes, including water quantity, water quality, sediments and aquatic ecosystem. We aimed to utmost retard extreme hydrological events, construct and improve comprehensive service functions of a river basin and achieve the conservations of the ecological functions of the ecosystems, including mountains, rivers, farmland, forests and lakes. |
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| Keywords: | systematic management retarding extreme hydrological event end-of-pipe control technologies improving capability |
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