
“21世纪海上丝绸之路”沿线国家水产品贸易网络分析
The Trade Network of Aquatic Products of Countries along the “21st Century Maritime Silk Road"
水产品贸易是海洋经济的重要组成部分,是保证水产品有效供给、维护渔业产业链的重要措施。优化水产品贸易网络对保障中国粮食安全和扩展国际贸易具有重要意义。文章借助联合国商品贸易数据库,选取2000—2019年“21世纪海上丝绸之路”沿线国家水产品贸易数据,利用社会网络分析方法,测度“21世纪海上丝绸之路”沿线国家水产品贸易网络结构特征,进而分析沿线国家水产品贸易市场结构和产品结构。研究发现:1)2000—2019年“21世纪海上丝绸之路”沿线国家的水产品贸易变化可划分为2个阶段,其中第一阶段(2000—2008年)为平稳增长期,第二阶段(2009—2019年)为波动发展期。2)水产品贸易网络密度逐渐增大,空间集聚和网络凝聚力逐渐增强,网络的可达性不断提高,呈现小世界的特性。3)水产品贸易网络的核心—边缘结构较为稳定,核心国家的贸易联系紧密,贸易额占整体的一半以上,多边、双边贸易流存在差异,贸易网络的空间非均质性特征凸显;地理区位及距离对其组团有间接的影响,社团划分呈现层级性和地理临近组团的特点。4)水产品贸易网络的空间分异特性较为明显,重要节点国家主要集中在中国和东南亚国家,中间中心度高的国家和接近中心度排名靠前的国家具有趋同性,非洲东部及红海沿岸国家的网络中心性影响力较弱。5)在核心国家的水产品市场结构中,中国占据较大份额;国家间的关系变化引起市场结构发生调整;中国水产品进出口品种结构比较单一,进口和出口产品分别主要集中在冻鱼和水产品制品。
Aquatic products trade is an important part of the marine economy, and a key measure to ensure the effective supply of aquatic products and maintain the fishery industry chain. Optimizing the aquatic products trade network is greatly significant in guaranteeing China's food security and expanding international trade. With the help of the United Nations Commodity Trade Database, in this study, we select the aquatic products trade data of countries along the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" from 2000 to 2019, measure the structural characteristics of the aquatic products trade network using the social network analysis method, and analyze the aquatic products trade market structure and product structure of countries located along the line. The results show the following. First, the changes in the aquatic products trade of countries along the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" from 2000 to 2019 can be divided into two stages: the steady growth period from 2000 to 2008, and the fluctuating development period from 2009 to 2019. Second, the density of the aquatic products trade network is gradually increasing, spatial agglomeration and network cohesion are being gradually enhanced, and the accessibility of the network is continuously improving, which shows the characteristics of small cosmopolitan. Third, the core-periphery structure of the aquatic products trade network is stable, and the trade of the core countries is closely linked, accounting for more than half of the total trade volume. Geographical location and distance indirectly affect the group. The division of community shows the characteristics of hierarchy and geographical proximity. There are significant differences between multilateral and bilateral trade flows, and the heterogeneity of trade cyberspace is obvious. Fourth, the spatial differentiation characteristics of the aquatic products trade network are relatively obvious. The important node countries are mainly concentrated in China and Southeast Asia. Countries with high betweenness centrality and countries with high closeness centrality have convergence, and the network centrality influence of East Africa and the Red Sea coastal countries is weak. Fifth, China occupies a large share of the aquatic products market structure of the core countries. The change in the relationship among countries causes adjustments in the market structure. The import and export structure of aquatic products in China is relatively single. The imports consist mainly of frozen fish, while the exports consist mainly of processed aquatic products.
“21世纪海上丝绸之路” / 水产品贸易 / 社会网络分析 {{custom_keyword}} /
the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" / trade of aquatic products / social network analysis {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 2000—2019年“21世纪海上丝绸之路”沿线国家水产品贸易网络统计特征量Table 1 Statistical characteristics of aquatic product trade network of countries along the "21stCentury Maritime Silk Road"during 2000-2019 |
统计特征 | 统计指标 | 2003年 | 2008年 | 2013年 | 2018年 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
网络规模 | 网络密度 | 0.604 3 | 0.610 8 | 0.658 1 | 0.679 6 |
联系(边) | 562 | 568 | 612 | 632 | |
小世界性 | 平均路径 | 1.346 | 1.333 | 1.310 | 1.277 |
聚类系数 | 0.854 | 0.864 | 0.869 | 0.857 |
表2 2000—2019年“21世纪海上丝绸之路”沿线国家水产品贸易网络中心性指标排名前十的国家Table 2 Top 10 countries along the "21stCentury Maritime Silk Road" in terms of aquatic product trade network centrality index during 2000-2019 |
年份 | 排名 | 国家 | 点度中心度 | 国家 | 中间中心度 | 国家 | 接近中心度 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 | 1 | 泰国 | 15.084 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 5.625 | 泰国 | 61 |
2 | 中国 | 11.400 | 泰国 | 5.122 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 62 | |
3 | 新加坡 | 11.020 | 阿曼 | 3.058 | 中国 | 62 | |
4 | 马来西亚 | 10.363 | 中国 | 3.053 | 印度尼西亚 | 63 | |
5 | 印度尼西亚 | 10.032 | 印度尼西亚 | 2.206 | 新加坡 | 64 | |
6 | 印度 | 5.493 | 巴基斯坦 | 1.990 | 阿曼 | 64 | |
7 | 越南 | 4.832 | 科威特 | 1.778 | 马来西亚 | 64 | |
8 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 3.169 | 伊朗 | 1.771 | 巴基斯坦 | 64 | |
9 | 沙特阿拉伯 | 2.918 | 马来西亚 | 1.585 | 科威特 | 66 | |
10 | 菲律宾 | 1.910 | 新加坡 | 1.585 | 印度 | 66 | |
2008 | 1 | 泰国 | 13.679 | 也门 | 5.911 | 泰国 | 61 |
2 | 中国 | 12.209 | 泰国 | 4.561 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 62 | |
3 | 马来西亚 | 9.419 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 3.869 | 越南 | 63 | |
4 | 印度尼西亚 | 6.881 | 沙特阿拉伯 | 3.006 | 马来西亚 | 63 | |
5 | 新加坡 | 6.449 | 新加坡 | 2.386 | 印度 | 63 | |
6 | 越南 | 6.056 | 马来西亚 | 1.933 | 新加坡 | 64 | |
7 | 印度 | 3.918 | 越南 | 1.933 | 也门 | 64 | |
8 | 沙特阿拉伯 | 3.202 | 印度 | 1.933 | 中国 | 64 | |
9 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 2.990 | 科威特 | 1.694 | 印度尼西亚 | 65 | |
10 | 埃及 | 2.614 | 中国 | 1.214 | 科威特 | 66 | |
2013 | 1 | 中国 | 12.929 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 6.413 | 中国 | 31 |
2 | 越南 | 8.715 | 中国 | 4.534 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 31 | |
3 | 泰国 | 8.262 | 泰国 | 4.534 | 泰国 | 31 | |
4 | 印度 | 6.016 | 新加坡 | 3.167 | 新加坡 | 33 | |
5 | 马来西亚 | 5.766 | 沙特阿拉伯 | 2.275 | 印度尼西亚 | 33 | |
6 | 印度尼西亚 | 4.198 | 埃及 | 2.218 | 马来西亚 | 33 | |
7 | 新加坡 | 3.493 | 马来西亚 | 1.994 | 越南 | 34 | |
8 | 缅甸 | 2.180 | 印度尼西亚 | 1.994 | 阿曼 | 35 | |
9 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 1.906 | 越南 | 1.633 | 印度 | 35 | |
10 | 沙特阿拉伯 | 1.904 | 阿曼 | 1.426 | 沙特阿拉伯 | 36 | |
2018 | 1 | 中国 | 17.284 | 新加坡 | 4.230 | 中国 | 31 |
2 | 越南 | 11.016 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 3.592 | 新加坡 | 31 | |
3 | 泰国 | 9.984 | 中国 | 2.803 | 马来西亚 | 31 | |
4 | 印度 | 7.189 | 马来西亚 | 2.803 | 泰国 | 31 | |
5 | 印度尼西亚 | 4.343 | 泰国 | 2.803 | 印度尼西亚 | 32 | |
6 | 马来西亚 | 4.196 | 沙特阿拉伯 | 2.366 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 32 | |
7 | 菲律宾 | 2.933 | 印度尼西亚 | 2.320 | 阿曼 | 32 | |
8 | 新加坡 | 2.885 | 阿曼 | 2.246 | 越南 | 34 | |
9 | 阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 2.611 | 印度 | 1.772 | 印度 | 34 | |
10 | 沙特阿拉伯 | 2.347 | 越南 | 1.506 | 沙特阿拉伯 | 35 |
陈银飞. 2011. 2000—2009年世界贸易格局的社会网络分析. 国际贸易问题,(11):31-42. [Chen Yinfei. 2011. Analysis on Social Network of World Trade Situation in 2000-2009. Journal of International Trade, (11): 31-42. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
程静静,樊瑛. 2021. 基于网络相似性测度的国际贸易产品分类. 电子科技大学学报,50(2):303-310. [Cheng Jingjing and Fan Ying. 2021. International Trade Product Classification Based on Network Similarity Measure. Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 50(2): 303-310. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
杜文奇. 2020. 基于复杂网络的我国水产品出口贸易格局演变研究. 广西质量监督导报,(10):143-145. [Du Wenqi. 2020. Study on the Evolution of China's Aquatic Products Export Trade Pattern Based on Complex Network. Guangxi Quality Supervision Guide, (10): 143-145. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
Edmund F C, Atikpo M O, Hoareau C, Karzazi A and Mgawe Y. 2012. Recent Development with Regard to Trade of Fish and Fishery Products from Small-Scale Fisheries in Africa. Corvallis: International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
Erokhin V and Gao T. 2018. Competitive Advantages of China's Agricultural Exports in the Outward-Looking Belt and Road Initiative. In: Zhang W, Alon I and Lattemann C. China's Belt and Road Initiative. London: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
Fabinyi M, Dressler W H and Pido M D. 2017. Fish, Trade and Food Security: Moving beyond 'Availability' Discourse in Marine Conservation. Human Ecology, 186(2): 1-12.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
Fair K R, Bauch C T and Anand M. 2017. Dynamics of the Global Wheat Trade Network and Resilience to Shocks. Scientific Reports, 7(1): 7177.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
Gephart J A and Pace M L. 2015. Structure and Evolution of the Global Seafood Trade Network. Environmental Research Letters, 10(12): 125014.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
Gonzalez-Mon B, Bodin O, Crona B, Nenadovic M and Basurto X. 2019. Small-Scale Fish Buyers' Trade Networks Reveal Diverse Actor Types and Differential Adaptive Capacities. Ecological Economics, 164: 106338.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
龚炯,李银珠. 2021. 中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络解析. 经济与管理评论,37(2):27-37. [Gong Jiong and Li Yinzhu. 2021. Trading Network between China and the Countries Involved in the Belt and Road. Review of Economy and Management, 37(2): 27-37. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
郭书克. 2017. 中国与“一带一路”沿线国家水产品贸易流量与贸易潜力研究. 世界农业,(10):106-112. [Guo Shuke. 2017. Study on Trade Flow and Trade Potential of Aquatic Products between China and "One Belt and One Road" Countries. World Agriculture, (10): 106-112. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
何一鸣,周凤美. 2021. 中国水产品贸易竞争力分析及对策. 现代商贸工业,42(2):39-41. [He Yiming and Zhou Fengmei. 2021. Analysis and Countermeasure of Competition Ability of Chinese Aquatic Product Trade. Modern Business Trade Industry, 42(2): 39-41. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
李晨,许美佳,张国亮. 2021. 基于复杂网络的水产品贸易格局特征演变研究. 中国石油大学学报(社会科学版),37(1):53-60. [Li Chen, Xu Meijia and Zhang Guoliang. 2021. Research on Trade Pattern Evolution of Global Aquatic Products Based on the Complex Network. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Social Sciences), 37(1): 53-60. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
林春培,刘佳,田帅. 2018. 基于文献计量的国内海上丝绸之路研究热点分析. 情报杂志,37(2):182-187. [Lin Chunpei, Liu Jia and Tian Shuai. 2018. A Bibliometrics-Based Analysis of Domestic Research Hotspots of the Maritime Silk Road. Journal of Intelligence, 37(2): 182-187. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
刘军. 2007. 整体网分析讲义——UCINET软件应用. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学社会学系. [Liu Jun. 2007. Holistic Web Analysis Lecture Notes-UCINET Software Applications. Harbin: Department of Sociology, Harbin Engineering University. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
刘志雄,卢玲,王义魏. 2020. 中国与东盟水产品贸易竞争力比较研究. 中国物价,(5):86-89. [Liu Zhixiong, Lu Ling and Wang Yiwei. 2020. Comparative Study on the Trade Competitiveness of Aquatic Products between China and ASEAN. China Price, (5): 86-89. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
卢昆,王希龙,皮埃尔•菲勒,陈珏颖,王钦意. 2021. 中美贸易摩擦对中国水产品国际贸易水平的影响测度. 农业经济问题,(8):125-134. [Lu Kun, Wang Xilong, Pierre Failler, Chen Jueying and Wang Qinyi. 2021. The Measurement of the Impact of China-US Trade Friction on China's International Trade of Aquatic Products. Issues in Agricultural Economy, (8): 125-134. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
Luo X F, Han Y H and Li Z W. 2017. Comparing Quantitative Analysis on Revealed Comparative Advantages of Aquatic Products Trade of China and ASEAN Based on 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 94(1): 012032.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
Maksim Kitsak, Lazaros K. Gallos, Shlomo Havlin, Fredrik Liljeros, Lev Muchnik, H Eugene Stanley and Hernán A Makse. 2010. Identification of Influential Spreaders in Complex Networks. Nature Physics, 6(11): 888-893.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
潘峰华,赖志勇,葛岳静. 2015. 经贸视角下中国周边地缘环境分析——基于社会网络分析方法. 地理研究,34(4):775-786. [Pan Fenghua, Lai Zhiyong and Ge Yuejing. 2015. The Surrounding Geopolitical Environment of China: A Social Network Analysis Based on Trade Data. Geographical Research, 34(4): 775-786. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
彭飞,富宁宁,胡伟,胡锦琳. 2020. 国内外海洋资源研究知识图谱解析及启示. 资源科学,42(11):2047-2061. [Peng Fei, Fu Ningning, Hu Wei and Hu Jinlin. 2020. Analysis and Enlightenment of Knowledge Map of Marine Resources Research at Home and Abroad. Resources Science, 42(11): 2047-2061. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
Vidal-Hernandez L, Canto-Lugo E, Carmona-Escalante A, Huerta-Quintanilla R, Garza-Lagler C and Lopez-Rocha J. 2019. Properties, Communities and Robustness in the Yucatan Sea Cucumber Trade Network. Ocean & Coastal Management, 168: 226-237.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
王洪增,高金田. 2010. 基于“钻石模型”分析山东省水产品出口竞争优势. 中国渔业经济,28(2):124-130. [Wang Hongzeng and Gao Jintian. 2010. Competitive Advantage of Shandong Aquatic Products Export by Analysis of "Diamond Model". Chinese Fisheries Economics, 28(2): 124-130. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
王倩,宋涛,梁宜,邹嘉龄. 2017. 东盟与大国贸易联系及其影响因素. 热带地理,37(6):852-861. [Wang Qian, Song Tao, Liang Yi and Zou Jialing. 2017. Trade Linkages between ASEAN and Great Powers and Their Influencing Factors. Tropical Geography, 37(6): 852-861. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
许阳贵,刘云刚. 2019. 中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易及其影响因素. 热带地理,39(6):855-868. [Xu Yanggui and Liu Yungang. 2019. Foreign Trade and Its Influencing Factors between China and Countries along "the Belt and Road" Route. Tropical Geography, 39(6): 855-868. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
张瑛,杜文婷. 2020. 中国与东盟水产品资源贸易价格波动——以冻鲭鱼出口价格为例. 自然资源学报,35(9):2191-2204. [Zhang Ying and Du Wenting. 2020. Price Fluctuation of Aquatic Product Resources Trade between China and ASEAN: Take Export of Frozen Mackerel as an Example. Journal of Natural Resources, 35(9): 2191-2204. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
邹嘉龄,刘卫东. 2016. 2001—2013年中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络分析. 地理科学,36(11):1629-1636. [Zou Jialing and Liu Weidong. 2016. Trade Network of China and Countries along "Belt and Road Initiative" Areas from 2001 to 2013. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 36(11): 1629-1636. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
曾迪,朱金,何深静. 2021. 文化身份视角下移民城市的城中村更新模式探讨——基于新加坡与深圳的实证研究. 热带地理,41(3):449-460. [Zeng Di, Zhu Jin and He Shenjing. 2021. Urban Villages' Redevelopment in Cities of Migration through the Lens of Cultural Identity: a Comparative Study of Singapore and Shenzhen. Tropical Geography, 41(3): 449-460. ]
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
{{custom_ref.label}} |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
1 数据来源:https://comtrade.un.org/data/,经计算所得。
2 “一带一路"建设海上合作设想. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/zchj/jggg/16621.htm。
3 https://comtrade.un.org/data/
/
〈 |
|
〉 |