| GIS技术在台风预报服务产品制作系统中的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑卫江,吴焕萍,罗兵,刘震坤,吕终亮,孙利华.GIS技术在台风预报服务产品制作系统中的应用[J].应用气象学报,2010,21(2):250-255. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑卫江 吴焕萍 罗兵 刘震坤 吕终亮 孙利华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.国家气象中心，北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部资助项目，中国气象局基建项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据台风预报业务的实际需求,建立了基于GIS技术的台风预报服务产品制作系统。提出了采用地图表达技术的台风数据可视化方案,讨论了基于空间插值与动态缓冲的台风预报概率圆生成算法,利用叠加分析技术完成了台风路径影响范围分析功能,并提供了一键式材料快速制作功能。业务化运行结果表明:GIS技术能够实现功能建设,较好地满足了目前中央气象台台风预报服务产品制作需求。
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| 关 键 词： | GIS 台风预报 动态缓冲 空间叠加分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-07-15 |
Application of GIS to Tropical Cyclone Product Generation System |
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| Zheng Weijiang,Wu Huanping,Luo Bing,Liu Zhenkun,Lü Zhongliang,Sun Lihua.Application of GIS to Tropical Cyclone Product Generation System[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2010,21(2):250-255. |
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| Authors: | Zheng Weijiang Wu Huanping Luo Bing Liu Zhenkun Lü Zhongliang Sun Lihua |
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| Affiliation: | 1.National Meteorological Center, Beijing 1000812.China University of Mining & Technology,Beijing 100083 |
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| Abstract: | China is one of the most typhoon-influenced countries in the world, so it is urgent to strengthen the capacity of typhoon forecast services, in which Geographic Information System (GIS) plays a more impor-tant role increasingly.On analyzing the operational requirement of typhoon forecast, the workflow of tropical cyclone prod-uct generation is designed with the support of historical and real-time typhoon spatial database. First, vis-ualize typhoon track and wind data. Second, smooth typhoon track, edit feature property and validate to-pology for spatial analysis. Then analyze the data to obtain landing area, real-time and future affected are-a, and similar track search results. Finally, service product is generated using Microsoft Office develop-ment technology.Four key issues of GIS application on production system are discussed in details. GIS spatial analysis aims at extracting and transporting spatial information based on geospatial object location and geometry character. Using Geodatabaseand Spatial Data Engine, historical and real-time typhoon database can be built and provide the ability of data record and update. ESRI representation symbolizes data using a flexi-ble and rule-based structure that is stored inside the geodatabase along with data, supporting multiple rep-resentations simultaneously. Constructing feature filling modes and color representation styles by standard rules can efficiently implement the visualization of large volume of typhoon data. In order to precaution which administrative region would be affected in the near future, the spatial overlay analysis is carried out to extract and transport spatial information. Two probability ellipse methods of typhoon track forecasting are also proposed to predict potentially infected districts ahead of schedule. With spatial interpolation method intensive typhoon forecasts are made for multiple points, and for each point a weight error radius is calculated, then the vertical line throughout the points are determined, finally the control points are linked to construct a polygon and smoothed with Bezier Curve. Dynamic buffer method is based on integral splits the typhoon tracks by kilometer unit, by the ratio of the length of typhoon track the buffer radius can be calculated, after then do dynamic buffer based on a series of radiuses and combine the buffer area to a prob-ability ellipse.GIS provides a reliable scientific basis for typhoon forecast, and with its aid more applicable and effi-cient typhoon forecast models can be achieved in the near future. |
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| Keywords: | GIS GIS typhoon forecast dynamic buffer spatial overlay |
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