| 中国和日本降水化学特性的分析比较 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄美元,植田洋匡,刘帅仁.中国和日本降水化学特性的分析比较[J].大气科学,1993,17(1):27-38. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄美元 植田洋匡 刘帅仁 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院大气物理研究所，日本九州大学应用力学研究所，中国科学院大气物理研究所 北京 100029，北京 100029 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文对中国33个站、日本29个站及美国9个站的降水化学资料进行了分析比较.结果表明,中、日、美三国的降水化学特性有很大不同.三国都有酸雨,但以美国的pH平均值最低.雨水中离子总浓度以中国为最高,其中SO_4~=,NH_4~+和Ca~(++)的浓度特别高.日本雨水中Cl~-和Na~+的浓度很高.NO_3~-在美国雨水中最高.从雨水中离子结构组成和几种重要参量的比值分析表明,中国雨水中的离子浓度受陆地源影响很大,而影响日本雨水中离子浓度最大因素是海洋.在美国以工业交通污染的影响相对最大.文中还对中、日两国不同地区的降水化学特性进行了分析和讨论.
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| 关 键 词： | 中国 日本 降水化学 资料分析 酸雨 |
Comparison and analysis of the chemical characteristics of precipitation in China and Japan |
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| Huang Meiyuan,Hiromasa Ueda and Liu Shuairen.Comparison and analysis of the chemical characteristics of precipitation in China and Japan[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,1993,17(1):27-38. |
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| Authors: | Huang Meiyuan Hiromasa Ueda and Liu Shuairen |
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| Abstract: | Based on the chemical analysis of precipitation obtained on 33 stations in China, 29 stations in Japan and 9 stations in the USA, the chemical characteristics of precipitation in China, Japan and USA are analyzed and compared. It is shown that the chemical features of precipitation in these countries are quite different. There are acid rain in all these three countries, but the lowest pH value is found in the USA. The total ion concentration of rain water in China is the highest, among which the concentrations of SO4= , NH/ and Ca++ are especially high. The Cl- and Na+ concentrations of rain water in Japan are extraordinarily high. NO3- concentration of rain water in the USA is the highest. Analysis of the structure of ion components and various ratios of ions indicates that the influence of land sources on ion concentrations of rain water in China is significant, while influence of sea sources on ion concentrations of rain water is the largest in Japan, and influence of the industry pollution on ion concentrations of rain water is the largest in USA. In this paper the chemical characteristics of precipitation in different regions of China and Japan are also discussed and analyzed. |
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| Keywords: | China Japan Precipitation chemistry Data analysis Acid rain |
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