Zircon U-Pb geochronology, geochemistry and petrogenesis of the granites from the Xiaoliugou deposit in the western of the North Qilian
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摘要: 甘肃小柳沟钨钼（铜）矿是一个与花岗岩类有关的斑岩-矽卡岩-石英脉型矿床，小柳沟矿区内花岗质岩石类型主要为二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩。本文对该岩体进行年代学、地球化学研究以约束其形成时代和岩石成因。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年分别获得二长花岗岩与花岗闪长岩谐和年龄为454.0±2.0Ma和417.7±1.7Ma，属于加里东期岩浆活动的产物，并经历了海西期和燕山期岩浆热事件的改造。地球化学数据显示，小柳沟花岗质岩石具有高硅、富碱的特征，属于过铝质高钾钙碱性系列，富集Rb、Th、U、K、Pb，亏损Ba、Sr、Ti、P，具有明显Eu负异常，尤其是二长花岗岩显示强烈的铕负异常（δEu为0.08~0.19），属于高分异I型花岗岩。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示，二长花岗岩εHf（t）为-4.45~4.04，tDM2=1176~1714Ma，花岗闪长岩εHf（t）为-4.18~4.43，tDM2=1124~1670Ma，二者可能是由壳幔混合作用形成，其壳源源区很可能来源于古元古代-中元古代古老地壳岩石，花岗闪长岩的源区相对较深，北大河岩群与朱龙关群可能是小柳沟钨矿的初始矿源层。综合研究表明，小柳沟钨钼矿床与二长花岗岩在时间、空间及成因上有密切关系。结合区域构造演化，认为小柳沟二长花岗岩应形成于俯冲背景下的活动大陆边缘环境，花岗闪长岩形成于碰撞造山环境。Abstract: The Xiaoliugou W-Mo deposit in Gansu is a porphyry-skarn-quartz type deposit related to granitoids. Xiaoliugou granitoids are comprised of monzogranite and granodiorite. In this paper, zircon U-Pb dating and geochemistry of the Xiaoliugou granite are studied to constrain its geochronology and petrogenesis. Zircon LA-ICP-MS dating yields concordant ages of 454.0±2.0 and 417.7±1.7Ma respectively indicating that the two plutons were formed at Caledonian, later affected by Hercynian and Yanshanian magmatic-thermal event. Geochemical data shows that, Xiaoliugou granite is silica enriched in composition with high content of alkali. It's a peraluminous granite and belongs to the high-K calc-alkaline series, enriched in Rb, Th, U, K, Pb, depleted in Ba, Sr, Ti, P with strong negative abnormal of Eu, especially, the monzogranite has intensely negative Eu abnormality(δEu=0.08~0.19)and should be ascribed to highly fractionated I-type granite. The Hf isotope shows that the εHf(t) value of the monzogranite range from -4.45 to 4.04,with tDM2 ages between 1176Ma and 1714Ma,while the εHf(t) value of the granodiorite range from -4.18 to 4.43,with tDM2 ages between 1124Ma and 1670Ma,indicating that the Xiaoliugou granitoids were most likely generated by mixing of a depleted mantle-derived and an induced crustal-melted felsic magma in the deep crust. We suggested that the source region of granite were likely from the Paleoproterozoic-Mesoproterozoic ancient crustal rocks and the granodiorite is relatively deeper than monzogranite, the ore-forming metals such as tungsten in the deposit may have likely derived from the Beidahe Group and the Zhulongguan Group. Comprehensive studies indicate that Xiaoliugou W-Mo deposit has a closely temporal relationship with the monzogranite. Combine with the tectonic evolution of the North Qilian, we speculate the monzogranite was generated in a continental arc tectonic setting triggered by slab subduction, the granodiorite probably have been generated in syn-collison setting.
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Key words:
- Zircon U-Pb dating /
- Geochemistry /
- Pertogenesis /
- Xiaoliugou granitic intrusion /
- North Qilian
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