莺歌海盆地底辟带热流体突破的地层水化学证据
Expulsion of overpressured fluid revealed by geochemistry of formation water in the dirpiric structures of Yinggehal basin
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摘要: 地层水化学特征往往反映出盆地流体的成因和演化信息。莺歌海盆地地层水样品分析表明地层水矿化度可划分3个带，即非底辟带、底辟带上方常压段和超压段。非底辟带地层水矿化度接近于正常海水，而超压带为具有较低矿化度的NaHCO3型水。底辟带上方常压段地层水矿化度变化极大，与垂向断裂距离有关，越靠近垂向断裂的井往往具有更低的矿化度和更高的HCO3^-和CO3^2-离子浓度。在远离垂向断裂的底辟带侧翼或较浅地层（〈1200m）孔隙水接近正常海水，以MgCl2型地层水为主：而在毗邻于垂向断裂的浅部储层具有明显低的矿化度，与超压带流体相似，也具有较高的HCO3^-和CO3^2-离子浓度。这些观察结果反映垂向断裂为深部超压热流体突破的主通道，底辟带上方成为地层原生孔隙水（海水）与超压带内低矿化度热流体混合场所，地层水矿化度越低，说明来自深部超压热流体所占比例越大。不同压力地层中的水化学特征可以很好地用来识别流体运移路径和可能的水-岩反应。
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Key words:
- Formation water /
- Overpressured system /
- Water-rock interaction /
- Diapiric structure /
- Yinggehai basin
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