Geochronology, geochemistry, and petrogenesis of the intermediate and acid dykes in Linzhou Basin, southern Tibet
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摘要: 林子宗火山岩(也称林子宗群)出露在青藏高原拉萨地块南部,被认为是印度与欧亚大陆发生碰撞的岩浆作用响应。发育在拉萨东北林周盆地的林子宗火山岩剖面完整,是最初的命名地,在过去的20年来已经完成了较好的研究工作。本文对林周盆地林子宗火山岩地层中产出的中性(闪长玢岩)和酸性(花岗斑岩)脉岩开展了研究,新获得了5个样品的锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素数据和11套主量和微量元素地球化学数据。这些脉岩侵入到林子宗群的典中组和年波组地层中。所有样品均为亚碱性岩石,在钾质特征上属于钙碱性到高钾钙碱性系列岩石。样品均为过铝质(除了一个样品为铝质岩石,A/CNK=0.86)。一个闪长玢岩样品的年龄为62.4Ma,具有正的εHf(t)值(+5.1~+7.6),显示了与典中组安山岩相似的地球化学成分。其余的花岗斑岩侵入时代为55.1~61.1Ma,εHf(t)范围为-1.1~+10.4(仅有一个负值,其余全部为正值),它们与近于同时代的年波组流纹质火山岩具有相似的地球化学特征。林周盆地脉岩的主要特征可以归纳为:(1)岩石具有类似地幔的Hf同位素特征,总计86个Hf同位素中仅有一个负值,所有样品平均的εHf(t)为5.9;(2)每个样品具有变化范围很宽的εHf(t)值,4个花岗斑岩样品每个样品内部的εHf(t)值变化达到3.5~8.8个ε单位,显示了不均一的源区组成;(3)从主量元素的成分变化趋势(FeOT-MgO关系图)指示了岩浆混合作用的成分趋势。这些特征表明在冈底斯带南缘发生的古新世-始新世大规模幔源岩浆底侵作用和岩浆混合作用,也可以用来解释林周盆地脉岩的形成过程。这些脉岩作为浅成的侵入体,与其同时代的林子宗火山岩(典中组和年波组)一样,都是伴随着冈底斯带南缘从特提斯洋俯冲削减过渡到印度与欧亚大陆碰撞的构造转化过程中形成的。Abstract: The Linzizong volcanic rocks (also called Linzizong Group), which occurred in southern Gangdese magmatic belt in response to the collision processes between India and Eurasia continents, have been well studied in the Linzhou Basin, to the northeast of Lhasa. This paper presents new zircon U-Pb, and Hf isotopic data (5 samples), and whole rock major and trace elements geochemical data (11 samples) of the intermediate (diorite porphyry) to acid (granite porphyry) dykes intruded into the Linzizong volcanics in Linzhou Basin. These dykes intruded into Dianzhong and Nianbo formations of Linzizong Group in Linzhou basin. All the samples are sub-alkaline, varying from calc-alkaline to high-K calc-alkaline series. They are peraluminous (A/CNK>1.1) with an exception of sample LZ1112 (A/CNK=0.86). The diorite porphyry, intruded in 62.4Ma with positive zircon Hf isotopes (εHf(t)=+5.1~+7.6), have similar composition to the andesitic rocks from Dianzhong Formation. The granite porphyries, intruded between 55.1Ma and 61.1Ma ago, with εHf(t) ranging from -1.1 to +10.4, have comparable composition with the rhyolitic Nianbo Formation. A series of evidences, including: (1) the samples have positive, mantle-like Hf feature (all 86 Hf data average εHf(t)=+5.9), (2) wide-range variation of εHf(t) in samples (3.5~8.8 ε units in the four granite porphyries), which implying an inhomogeneous source regions; (3) magma-mixing trend in the plots of FeOT against MgO, suggesting that the magma-mixing processes that have taken place in the southern Gangdese belt, can also been applied to explain the origin of the dikes in Linzhou basin. The dykes intruded coeval or shortly later than their equivalent volcanic rocks (Dianzhong and Nianbo formations), in the transitional tectonic settings from subduction of Tethyan oceanic to the collisional between India and Eurasia continents.
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Key words:
- Dykes /
- Linzizong Volcanic Rocks /
- Zircon U-Pb age /
- Zircon Hf isotopes /
- Linzhou Basin /
- Tibet
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