| 基于双层滑动的水库旱限水位确定算法 |
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| 引用本文： | 严子奇,周祖昊,韦瑞深,严登华,王坤.基于双层滑动的水库旱限水位确定算法[J].水科学进展,2022,33(6):914-923. |
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| 作者姓名： | 严子奇 周祖昊 韦瑞深 严登华 王坤 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室, 北京 100038 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划资助项目2021YFC3000205国家自然科学基金资助项目51779270 |
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| 摘 要： | 旱限水位是水库抗旱预警的重要指标, 可作为水库开展抗旱调度的重要依据, 开展不同类型水库旱限水位确定算法研究, 对水库旱限水位的推广及提升干旱主动防御能力有重要意义。本文探讨了水库旱限水位的概念内涵, 认为水库旱限水位是在干旱缺水条件下水库供水系统达到临界平衡的水位阈值。通过引入调度期、保证期等双层控制期, 提出了适用于多年调节、年调节、季调节水库的旱限水位双层滑动算法, 并且形成了旱限水位控制下的水库抗旱调度策略。通过对张峰水库与和川水库进行案例分析, 验证了双层滑动算法对于多年调节水库和季调节水库的可行性与合理性, 结果表明, 通过设定旱限水位, 可以在干旱前期预留水量, 有效缓解干旱年份的严重缺水情况, 各个行业的缺水率和严重缺水时段均有显著减少。本研究为水旱灾害防御部门制定水库旱限水位、指导水库抗旱调度提供了一套通用算法, 能够为干旱防御决策提供科学依据和技术支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 旱限水位 双层滑动 抗旱调度 干旱防御 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-05-07 |
A double-layer sliding algorithm for determining drought-limited water level of reservoirs |
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| Affiliation: | State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China |
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| Abstract: | Drought-limited water level (DLWL) is an important indicator for early warning against droughts and can be used to guide the drought-relief operation at reservoirs. This study aims to build a determination algorithm to specify the DLWL for different types of reservoirs. We define the DLWL of a reservoir as the water level at which the water supply system reaches the critical point of drought and water shortage. By introducing the double layer of operation and guarantee periods as control parameters, a general algorithm for DLWL suitable for multi-year, annual, and seasonal regulation of reservoirs is proposed, which is used to form a reservoir drought-resistant operation strategy. The Zhangfeng Reservoir and Hechuan Reservoir were used to verify the feasibility and rationality of the double-layer sliding algorithm for the multi-year and seasonal regulation of reservoirs, respectively. The results show that by setting the DLWL, the serious water shortage in drought years can be effectively alleviated; the water shortage rate and period in each industrial sector can be significantly reduced. This study provides a general algorithm to the flood and drought disaster prevention department to set a DLWL and guide the drought-relief operation of the reservoir, which can provide the scientific basis and technical support required for drought prevention. |
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