| 利用DEM提取地貌指数的方法述评 |
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| 引用本文： | 熊立华,郭生练. 利用DEM提取地貌指数的方法述评[J]. 水科学进展, 2002, 13(6): 775-780 |
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| 作者姓名： | 熊立华 郭生练 |
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| 作者单位： | 武汉大学水利水电学院,湖北,武汉,430072;Department of Engineering Hydrology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划973项目(G19990436);国家自然科学基金项目(50179026);武汉大学青年博士基金项目(2002)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 介绍了几个广泛应用于水文科学的流域地貌指数(包括地表坡度、流量分配系数、单宽集水面积、集水面积以及湿度指数)的计算方法,阐述了这些地貌指数在水文科学中所代表的物理意义和对流域水文过程空间分布的描述能力。对了解流域地貌对降雨径流的影响,揭示产汇流过程的物理机制,研制和开发分布式水文物理模型均有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 地理信息系统 数字高程模型 流域地貌 物理指数 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-6791(2002)06-775-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2001-09-04 |
| 修稿时间： | 2001-09-04 |
Review of methods for deriving physical descriptors of the watershed topography from DEM |
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| XIONG Li-hua,GUO Sheng-lian,Kieran M. O' Connor. Review of methods for deriving physical descriptors of the watershed topography from DEM[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2002, 13(6): 775-780 |
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| Authors: | XIONG Li-hua GUO Sheng-lian Kieran M. O' Connor |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Faculty of Water Resources & Hydropower, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;2.Department of Engineering Hydrology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland |
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| Abstract: | Some widely used physical descriptors of the watershed topography,such as slope gradient,the flow allocation coefficient,the specific contributing area,the contributing area,and the wetness index,are described and discussed in the context of the DF1VI-based distributed hydrological modeling. Fmstly,the methods for deriving these physical descriptors of the watershed topography from DFM are reviewed in detail. Then,according to its definition,each physical descriptor is interpreted with the focus on the corresponding hydrological meaning in relation to the water rmvements in watersheds. Finally,based on the DF1VI information required for calculating these physical descriptors,the ability of each physical descriptor to represent the effect of the watershed topography on the spatial distribution of hydrological response to rainfall in water-sheds is explored and a hierarchical structure of these physical descriptors is proposed. Thus,the review of these physical descriptors of the watershed topography will be very useful to enhance understanding of the mechanisms of runoff generation in watersheds,to explore the temporal and spatial distribution of hydrological processes,and to study the DFM-based distributed hydrological ridels. |
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| Keywords: | digital elevation model watershed topography physical descriptor |
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