| 细颗粒粘滑运动的能量耗散与释放试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 崔德山,项伟,陈琼,王顺.细颗粒粘滑运动的能量耗散与释放试验[J].地球科学,2016,41(9):1603-1610. |
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| 作者姓名： | 崔德山 项伟 陈琼 王顺 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地质大学工程学院，湖北武汉 430074 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目41272308国家自然科学基金项目41002102 |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来，利用断层产物以及其中的颗粒来研究断层或地震带的能量耗散与释放，已引起大家的重视.在围压分别为30 kPa、60 kPa、100 kPa、200 kPa、400 kPa和600 kPa的条件下，采用直径为0.6~0.8 mm的玻璃珠以0.02 mm/min的轴向应变速率进行干燥、松散细颗粒材料的固结不排水三轴压缩试验.为了减少轴向应变过大时主应力轴旋转产生的误差及其对做功的影响，试验只分析加载后轴向应变为10%时试样变形破坏过程中的能量耗散与能量释放特性.试验结果表明:随着围压的增大，主震频率减小、偏应力降幅增大，但偏应力降幅与最大偏应力的比值逐渐趋于稳定.粘滑运动过程中，在偏应力骤降瞬间，声发射强烈、试样体积收缩，说明能量控制着试样的变形与破坏特征，耗散结构能量越大，系统发生滑动的频率越小.粘滑运动过程可以表示为能量耗散与能量突然释放.最后，从热力学的角度分析滑动过程的3个阶段，得出粘滑运动为不可逆耗散能与可释放应变能共同作用的结果.
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| 关 键 词： | 钠钙玻璃珠 粘滑运动 能量耗散 能量释放 工程地质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-02-11 |
Experiment of Energy Dissipation and Energy Release during Stick-Slip within Glass Beads |
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| Abstract: | The energy dissipation and energy release of fault gouge could be explained by analyzing the characteristics of stick-slip of glass beads. The glass beads of 0.6-0.8 mm were used to conduct the test from CVP company. The triaxial tests of dry and loose glass beads were carried out under the cell pressure of 30, 60, 100, 200, 400 and 600 kPa with axial strain rate of 0.02 mm/min. The energy dissipation and energy release in the process of failure are discussed with the axial strain rate of 10% in order to decrease the errors due to the rotation of principal stress. The results show that with increasing of cell pressure, the frequency of main shock decreases, the deviatoric stress drop increases, the ratio of deviatoric stress drop to maximum deviatoric stress becomes stable gradually. The volume of sample shrinks and acoustic emission appears in the moment of deviatoric stress drop. The energy controls the deformation and failure properties of the sample during stick-slip: the more the dissipation is, the less the frequency of sliding becomes. Stick-slip can be expressed as the process of energy dissipation and energy release. Finally, the three stages of sliding during stick-slip are discussed from the aspect of thermodynamics. The stick-slip motion is a combined effect of irreversible dissipated energy and releasable strain energy. |
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