| 重力滑脱构造差异性及其对油气成藏影响分析:以下刚果-刚果扇、尼日尔三角洲盆地对比分析为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 李丹,逄林安,康洪全,曹向阳,刘小龙,贾建忠,马韶光.重力滑脱构造差异性及其对油气成藏影响分析:以下刚果-刚果扇、尼日尔三角洲盆地对比分析为例[J].地质科技通报,2021,40(1):100-109. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李丹 逄林安 康洪全 曹向阳 刘小龙 贾建忠 马韶光 |
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| 作者单位： | 中海油研究总院有限责任公司;中国海洋石油国际有限公司;中石油西南油气田开发事业部 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家"十三五"科技重大专项2017ZX05032-001 |
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| 摘 要： | 重力滑脱构造是大西洋两岸被动大陆边缘盆地普遍发育的一种构造样式,南大西洋两岸整体发育2种不同塑性层的重力滑脱构造,一类以下白垩统盐岩、硬石膏为塑性层,另一类是以上白垩统-新近系海相泥岩为滑脱塑性层。且均可从陆向海依次划分为拉张区、过渡区和挤压区。为了厘清2种不同类型重力滑脱构造样式差异及对油气成藏影响,选取2个代表性盆地——下刚果-刚果扇盆地与尼日尔三角洲盆地进行对比剖析,从而查明2种不同类型重力滑脱构造在相应构造带内构造样式及其油气成藏差异。整体上,盐岩塑性层重力滑脱构造在拉张区表现为盐构造活动剧烈,油气成藏条件优越,油气发现多;过渡区盐构造活动强度减弱,油气富集程度高;挤压区构造活动强烈,盐岩大规模聚集,烃源岩和储层条件差,油气发现少。相比于盐岩塑性层重力滑脱构造,泥岩塑性层重力滑脱构造在拉张区构造活动相对较弱,断块圈闭与储层、烃源岩匹配良好,是主要的油气富集区;过渡区,大量塑性泥岩堆积,泥底辟规模大,深缓底辟型构造是油气有利富集区;挤压区以典型逆冲叠瓦状构造为主,烃源岩、储层和油源断层配置良好,油气富集程度高。针对上述2种不同类型重力滑脱构造样式在烃源岩、储层及油气成藏的差异影响分析,为相关类型重力滑脱构造研究提供借鉴。
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| 关 键 词： | 重力滑脱构造 滑脱塑性层 油气成藏 下刚果-刚果扇盆地 尼日尔三角洲盆地 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-01-27 |
Difference analysis of gravity decollement structures and its effect on hydrocarbon accumulation: By comparing analysis of Lower Congo-Congo Fan Basin and Niger Delta Basin |
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| Li Dan,Pang Lin'an,Kang Hongquan,Cao Xiangyang,Liu Xiaolong,Jia Jianzhong,Ma Shaoguang.Difference analysis of gravity decollement structures and its effect on hydrocarbon accumulation: By comparing analysis of Lower Congo-Congo Fan Basin and Niger Delta Basin[J].Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology,2021,40(1):100-109. |
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| Authors: | Li Dan Pang Lin'an Kang Hongquan Cao Xiangyang Liu Xiaolong Jia Jianzhong Ma Shaoguang |
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| Affiliation: | (CNOOC Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China;CNOOC International Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China;PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu 610051,China) |
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| Abstract: | Gravitational decollement is a structural pattern commonly developed in passive continental marginal basins on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.Two different types of gravity decollement structures with transitional salt and marine mudstone as decollement layers are developed.Based on the stress mechanism, it can be divided into extensional zone, transitional zone and compressional zone successively from the continent to the ocean.In order to clarify the difference between those two types of gravitational decollement structures and their influence on oil and gas accumulation, this paper makes a comparative analysis of two representative basins, the Lower Congo-Congo Fan Basin and the Niger Delta Basin.Through comparing, the differences of structure patterns, sedimentary reservoir distribution characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation were clarified in the same zone.On the whole, salt gravitational decollement in extensional zone shows that the salt structures are highly active, the oil-gas accumulation conditions are superior, and there are many oil-gas discoveries in this zone.In transitional zone, the intensity of salt activity is moderate and the degree of oil-gas enrichment is the highest.In compressional zone, the salt activity is strong with a large scale salt accumulation, poor source rock and reservoir, and rare oil-gas discoveries.The extensional zone of marine mudstone gravitational decollement is the main oil-gas accumulation area with relatively weak structure activity and good match between the reservoir and source rock.In transitional zone, it has strong extrusion stress, and large amount of mudstone has been accumulated there.The mud diapir is magnificent, and deep-slow diapir structure is the favorable oil-gas accumulation area.The compressional zone is dominated by typical thrust imbricate structure with good match of source rock, reservoir and oil source faults.The oil-gas enrichment in this zone is relatively high.Based on the analysis of those two types of gravitational decollement in source rock, reservoir and hydrocarbon accumulation, this paper have provided some references for the research related to gravitational decollement. |
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| Keywords: | gravity decollement structures detachment layer hydrocarbon accumulation Lower Congo-Congo Fan Basin Niger Delta Basin |
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