江淮之间夏季雨滴谱特征分析

金祺; 袁野; 刘慧娟; 石春娥; 李建邦

金祺,袁野,刘慧娟,石春娥,李建邦. 2015. 江淮之间夏季雨滴谱特征分析[J]. 气象学报, 73(4):778-788, doi:10.11676/qxxb2015.036

江淮之间夏季雨滴谱特征分析

Analysis of microphysical characteristics of the raindrop spectrum over the area between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River during summer

投稿时间：2014-05-26 修订日期：2015-01-16

DOI：10.11676/qxxb2015.036

中文关键词: 雨滴谱分布标准化参数 μ-Λ关系 Z-R关系

英文关键词:Raindrop size distribution Normalized intercept parameter Relationship of μ-Λ Relationship of Z-R

基金项目:公益性行业专项(GYHY201306040、GYHY201206011-04)、安徽省气象局科技发展基金项目(KM201310)、淮河流域气象开放研究基金(HRM201408)。

作者	单位
金祺	安徽省人工影响天气办公室, 合肥, 210031
袁野	安徽省人工影响天气办公室, 合肥, 210031
刘慧娟	安徽省气象台, 合肥, 210031
石春娥	安徽省气象科学研究所, 合肥, 210031
李建邦	安徽省人工影响天气办公室, 合肥, 210031

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中文摘要:

分析了2011—2013年夏季(6—8月)滁州地基雨滴谱观测资料,根据雨强及其随时间的变化将降水分成对流降水和层云降水,分析不同降水类型的雨滴谱特征。结果表明:滁州地区对流降水的质量加权直径D_m和标准化参数lgN_w的平均值分别为1.67 mm和3.91 mm^-1·m^-3,层云降水D_m和lgN_w的平均值分别为1.18 mm和3.57 mm^-1·m^-3,对流降水雨滴平均尺度更大。N_w相比Γ分布参数N₀能更好地反映总数浓度N_t的大小。Γ分布3参数均随雨强的增大而减小,当雨强增长到一定程度时,μ(谱型)和Λ(斜率)趋于常数。研究了μ-Λ关系和Z(反射率因子)-R(雨强)关系。对流降水和层云降水的Z-R关系分别为Z=408R^1.20和Z=301R^1.21。新的Z-R关系和经典Z-R关系(Z=300R^1.40)反演的雨强相比实际观测值均偏小,但新的Z-R关系反演的雨强与实际观测值更接近。

英文摘要:

The data of the raindrop spectrum from a ground-based disdrometer at Chuzhou weather station during summers (June to August) of 2011-2013 were analyzed to investigate the characteristics of the raindrop spectrum of different precipitation types. According to the precipitation rate and its temporal variation, the precipitations were divided into the convective and stratiform precipitation. The results show that mass-weighted-averaged diameter (D_m) and normalized intercept parameter (lgN_w) were 1.67 mm and 3.91 mm^-1·m^-3 for convective precipitation and 1.18 mm and 3.57 mm^-1·m^-3 for stratiform precipitation, respectively, implying that the convective precipitation was composed of larger drop size than those of the stratiform precipitation. The total number concentration (N_t) has a better relationship with N_w compared with Γ parameter N₀.The three parameters of the Γ distribution decreased as the increasing precipitation rate. The shape index (μ) remains constant when the rainfall intensity (R) is large enough. The relationships of μ-Λ and Z (radar reflectivity)-R (precipitation rate) were also discussed.The Z-R relationships were Z=408R^1.20 and Z=301R^1.21 for the convective precipitation and the stratiform precipitation, respectively. The rain rate calculated using both the new and old Z-R relations was smaller than the observed rain rate; however, the calculated rain rate using the new Z-R relation was closer to the observed rain rate.

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