| 谌 芸,李泽椿. 2005. 青藏高原东北部区域性大到暴雨的诊断分析及数值模拟[J]. 气象学报, 63(3):289-300, doi:10.11676/qxxb2005.029 |
| 青藏高原东北部区域性大到暴雨的诊断分析及数值模拟 |
| DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON A REGIONALHEAVY HARD RAIN IN NORTHEAST QINGHAI IZANG PLATEAU |
| 投稿时间：2004-02-20 修订日期：2004-04-26 |
| DOI：10.11676/qxxb2005.029 |
| 中文关键词: 青藏高原东北部地区，大到暴雨，诊断分析，数值模拟 |
| 英文关键词:Northeast Qinghai Xizang plateau, Heavy-hard rain, Diagnostic analysis, Numerical simulation. |
| 基金项目:西部开发科技行动重大项目(2004BA901A16) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用NCEP时间间隔为6 h的1°×1°的格点资料、常规探测资料和MM5V3.4版非静力中尺度模式对2003年7月29～30日高原东北部的区域性大到暴雨过程进行诊断分析和数值模拟，研究该过程的天气形势、物理量场配置和卫星云图的演变特征及复杂地形的影响。结果表明,南亚高压西部副型是高原东北部大到暴雨天气过程的主要流型，对大到暴雨预报有一定的指示意义。云系的叠置可为高原及邻近地区的暴雨预报提供重要的依据。MM5非静力中尺度模式对高原大到暴雨天气过程有一定的模拟能力，可为高原暴雨的进一步诊断分析提供高分辨率资料。高原大到暴雨过程的水汽初始源地，有直接水汽源和陆地水汽源。暴雨盛期，物理量场配置与平原地区不同。低层辐合和气旋性涡度的加强所产生的强上升运动是造成较大降水的原因，中低层出现θse的Ω型场是一种不稳定的层结，暴雨区出现在暖舌中。高原东北部的特殊河谷地形及叠加在高原大地形上的中尺度地形对冷暖空气的作用对暴雨过程至关重要，地形在其中的作用主要是动力性的。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The heavy-hard rain in northeast Qinghai Xizang plateau means rainfall ≥25.0 mm in 24 hours. The regional one means that there are, at least, three stations rainfall each ≥25.0 mm in 24 hours. Diagnoses and numeric simulation were made on a heavy-hard rain in the Northeast Qinghai-Xizang Plateau during 29-30 July 2003 using NCEP data of 1°×1° with 6 h intervals, observed data and MM5 model, to get the synoptic situation, configure of physical and evolvement characters of satellite cloud picture and the influence of the complex topography over the northeast Qinghai Xizang Plateau. The results show that the circulation pattern of the rainstorm is meridional cell of two ridge one trough and the west secondary model of South Asia High. The main impact systems are westerly trough and low vortex.The main characteristics of satellite cloud picture for this regional heavy rain is overlapping of the different cloud systems, which reflect special weather systems. One of reasons, which lead to heavy-hard rain during the overlapping, is that the overlapping leads to unstable development of the inertial gravity waves. The overlapping can offer the important gist for the rainstorm forecast over plateau and its vicinity.MM5 can simulate this heavy hard rain's precipitation life and the trend of distributing of time variation and can provide the high resolution data to diagnose rainstorm in plateau.The original vapor source of rainstorm in plateau is not from the coastal area, but from land to form sublevel and multilevel. The cause of heavy rain in this area is convergence in the low level and intensity of cyclonic vorticity and strong upward motion. The Ω field of θsein the low level is kind of unstable stratification and the rain belt present to warm tongue. The topography in northeast Qinghai Xizang Plateau is very complex. The process which are river shape topography in northeast plateau and the mesoscale one piling on the plateau impacting on the cold and warm flow is very important for the heavy-hard rain, and the main . |
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