By using climate sequence variation trend diagnosis and unitary linear regression methods, the variation characteristics of annual mean surface temperature in different areas under two decadal time scales: 2000-2012 and 1976-1999, were analyzed. Results show that the mid-high latitude of Eurasia is the region that contributes the largest to global warming mitigation, and the temperature in autumn and winter presented inverse variation trend since 2000, which showed interdecadal warming in autumn but cooling in winter. Judging from configuration of the corresponding atmospheric circulation, in lower troposphere, the intensity of Siberian High weakens interdecadally in autumn while enhances in winter. In mid-high troposphere, the geopotential height in autumn presents a "high-low-high" anomaly distribution from western Europe to Northeast Asia with strengthening zonal circulation and weakening meridional circulation, while in winter, the geopotential height presents a dipole pattern between the polar and Lake Baikal region with deepening East Asian trough and strengthening meridional circulation. Further study suggests that a close relation exists between the sea ice near Kara sea and the decadal variability of temperature in autumn and winter at mid-high latitudes of Eurasia. On one hand, the reducing sea ice in summer(autumn) influences the atmospheric circulation at mid-high altitudes in autumn(winter), on the other hand, the reducing sea ice in summer(autumn) causes the water vapor content of lower troposphere to increase(decrease) in autumn(winter) from arctic to the mid-high latitudes in Eurasia and the downward long-wave radiation to strengthen(weaken), which results in the warming(cooling) in autumn(winter).