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| 地基微波辐射计遥感人工触发闪电的观测研究 |
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姜苏麟1,2,3, 王振会1,2, 刘超1,2, 雷连发2,4, 潘赟2,5, 李青1,2, 张义军5, 吕伟涛6, 陈绍东7, 卢建平4
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1.南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点实验室，江苏南京210044;2.南京信息工程大学大气物理学院，江苏南京210044;3.南京气象科技创新研究院，江苏南京210041;4.西安电子工程研究所，陕西西安710100;5.复旦大学大气与海洋科学系，上海210000;6.6.中国气象局气象科学研究院，北京100000;7.7.中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所，广东广州510641
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| 摘要: |
| 为了深入研究雷电产生的微波热辐射特征，从2016年初夏开始利用地基微波辐射计在中国气象局雷电野外科学实验基地开展了连续4年的观测实验，根据雷电热效应的特征，制定了观测方案，并为地基微波辐射计设置了“引雷观测模式”。结果表明，地基微波辐射计具有对雷电热效应产生响应的能力。2017—2019年，辐射计一共成功捕获了30次人工触发闪电，观测效率逐年增长，平均为71.4 %；微波亮温脉冲幅度的最大值约125 K。结合其中28次触发事件的雷电流数据，分析了亮温脉冲幅度和雷电流积分量之间的相关性，并发现了最大亮温脉冲幅度与总电流作用积分之间可能存在指数关系。根据亮温观测数据估算了雷电热效应的持续时间，平均约0.5 s，其中25次触发事件的雷电流热效应持续时间与雷电流持续时间变化较为一致，相关系数约0.73。 |
| 关键词: 地基微波辐射计 人工触发闪电 雷电热效应 亮温脉冲 雷电流积分量 |
| DOI：10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2023.045 |
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| REMOTE SENSING OF ARTIFICIALLY TRIGGERED LIGHTNING WITH GROUND-BASED MICROWAVE RADIOMETER |
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JIANG Sulin1,2,3, WANG Zhenhui1,2, LIU Chao1,2, LEI Lianfa2,4, PAN Yun2,5, LI Qing1,2, ZHANG Yijun5, LYU Weitao6, CHEN Shaodong7, LU Jianping4
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1.Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, CMA Key Laboratory of Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;2.School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;3.Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing 210041, China;4.Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi'an 710100, China;5.Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 210000, China;6.6.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100000, China;7.7.Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, CMA, Guangzhou 510641, China
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| Abstract: |
| In order to study the characteristics of microwave thermal radiation produced by lightning, we used ground-based microwave radiometer to carry out 4-year observation experiments at the Guangzhou Field Experiment Site for Lightning Research and Testing since the early summer of 2016. According to the general characteristics of lightning heating effect, the observation scheme and the lightning observation mode are established. The results show that the ground-based microwave radiometer has the ability to respond to the lightning heating effect. From 2017 to 2019, the radiometer has successfully captured 30 artificially triggered lightning events, the observation efficiency has increased year by year, with an average of 71.4 %, and the maximum amplitude of microwave brightness temperature pulse can reach about 125K. Based on the lightning current data of 28 triggered lightning events, the correlation between the brightness temperature pulse amplitude and the lightning current integral value is analyzed, and there may be an exponential relationship between the maximum brightness temperature pulse amplitude and the total current action integral. Based on the observational data of brightness temperature, the duration of lightning heating effect is estimated to be about 0.5s on average. It is found that the lightning heating effect duration of 25 triggered lightning events is consistent with the change of lightning current duration, and the correlation coefficient is about 0.73. |
| Key words: ground-based microwave radiometer artificially triggered lightning lightning heating effect brightness temperature pulse lightning current integral value |