| 刘晶,曾勇,刘雯,杨莲梅.伊犁河谷和天山北坡暴雨过程水汽特征分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2017,11(3):65~71 |
| 伊犁河谷和天山北坡暴雨过程水汽特征分析 |
| The analysis of water vapor characteristics during the rainstorm process at the Yili river valley and north slope of Tianshan mountain |
| 投稿时间：2017-02-14 修订日期：2017-03-30 |
| DOI：10.12057/j.issn.1002-0799.2017.03.009 |
| 中文关键词: 暴雨 水汽输送 地基GPS |
| 英文关键词:heavy rain Water vapor transmission Ground-based GPS |
| 基金项目:中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2016017)；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(IDM2016001)；国家自然科学基金项目（41565003） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文选取四次伊犁河谷、天山北坡暴雨天气过程，利用地面逐时降水、常规、NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°再分析及地基GPS大气可降水量资料，通过合成分析方法得到暴雨期间大气环流的基本配置，阐明了伊犁河谷、天山北坡地区强降水期间环流形势及水汽输送的异同，结果表明：（1）强降水过程中暴雨区上空200 hPa强辐散气流、500 hPa槽前正涡度平流、西南气流利于垂直运动的发展，700 hPa偏西和偏东气流为暴雨区提供水汽和不稳定能量，低层辐合、高层辐散，上升运动进一步增强，造成强降水发生；（2）深厚西西伯利亚低涡相较低槽系统移速缓慢，停滞时间长，造成强降水前暴雨站增湿时间更长，比较发现强降水发生前暴雨站GPS-PWV均存在1-3天的增湿过程，暴雨期间测站GPS出现明显跃变，峰值可达到气候平均值2倍左右。（3）GPS大气可降水量的演变与大尺度的水汽输送、聚集有较好的对应关系，但GPS高值区并不代表降水大值区，还应和动力热力等条件综合判断降水的强弱。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| four heavy rain process in the Yili river valley and north slope of Tianshan mountain were selected in this article , using ground hourly rainfall, regular, 1 ° x 1 ° NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and ground-based GPS atmospheric precipitation data, through synthetic analysis method to get the basic configuration of atmospheric circulation in the process of heavy rain and illuminate the differences and similarities in water vapor transmission characteristics, the results showed that:(1) 200 hPa strong divergence airflow, 500 hPa positive vorticity advection and southwest airflow were in favor of vertical movement’s development, and 700 hPa west and east airflow which provides the water vapor and instability energy, were over the rainstorm area during the heavy rainfall process ,low-level convergence and high-level divergence facilitated vertical movement further strengthen which was conducive to the rainstorm occurrence; (2) compared to the low trough system , the humidifying time of GPS was longer before the heavy rainfall occurred caused by the deep west of Siberian vortex, due to its slowly moving speed and the longer stagnation time. the stations’ GPS PWV had 1-3 days humidifying process before the rainstorm occurred, appeared obvious jump during the period of precipitation, and the peak of GPS-PWV could achieve 2 times to climate average; (3) The evolution of GPS have good corresponding relation with the large-scale water vapor transport ,but the GPS high value area was not representative the precipitation area of greater value, also with the dynamic and thermodynamic condition to comprehensive judge the strength of rainstorm. |
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