| 阿布都克日木.阿巴司,胡素琴,努尔帕提曼.买买提热依木,于艳,努尔比亚?吐尼牙孜.新疆巴楚气象因子对棉花发育期及产量的影响分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2017,11(2):88~94 |
| 新疆巴楚气象因子对棉花发育期及产量的影响分析 |
| Analysis of the meteorological factor''s influence on cotton growth period and yield in Xinjiang bachu |
| 投稿时间：2015-11-11 修订日期：2016-02-09 |
| DOI：10.12057/j.issn.1002-0799.2017.02.013 |
| 中文关键词: 巴楚 气象因子 棉花 发育期 产量 |
| 英文关键词:Bachu meteorological factor cotton growth period yield |
| 基金项目:新疆气象局项目面上课题(ms201523)资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用巴楚国家基本气候站1961—2013年53 a的气温、降水量等资料, 结合1981—2013年的棉花发育期、单位面积产量, 采用线性倾向估计计算、检验方法、气候趋势系数和气候倾向率方法, 对1961年以来巴楚气候变化特征、1981年以来棉花发育期、产量进行分析，探讨了巴楚近期气候变化对棉花生产的影响。结果表明: 近53 a来, 巴楚年和各季平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温总体呈线性上升趋势,其中年平均最低气温的升温率最明显；各季节中春、秋季平均最低气温的升温率最大；年、各季节降水量呈明显的增多趋势, 季节中夏季降水量的增幅最大，为3.25 mm?10 a?1(夏)；初霜日的变化呈推后趋势(1.2 d?10 a?1)、而终霜日呈提前趋势(-2.4 d?10 a?1), 使无霜期明显延长 (1.1 d?10 a?1)。近33 a来，巴楚县棉花各发育期均表现出不同程度的提前趋势, 其中现蕾期的提前趋势最明显, 即4.8 d?10 a?1 (P?0.01)；棉花停止生长期呈延迟趋势, 即延迟幅度为3.7 d?10 a?1 (P?0.01)。初、终霜冻日、无霜期与棉花产量总体呈正相关, 初霜日推后、终霜日提前、无霜期延长, 棉花产量增多。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Using the temperature、precipitation data of Bachu national basic meteorological station in 1961-2013, and combined with the development stage, yield per unit of cotton in 1981-2013, analyzed the characteristics of climate change and cotton growth period yield with Meteorological statistical methods . The results show that the year and season average temperature, maximum, minimum temperature in Bachu near 53 years present a linear rising tendency, and the heating rate of the annual minimum temperature is the most obvious. In each season, the heating rate of the spring and autumn average minimum temperature is the largest. Precipitation shows an obvious increasing trend, among them, the summer precipitation increase is the biggest with a rate of 0.325mm per year. The change of first frost date shows a trend of later (1.2 d?10 a?1), when the last frost date trends in advance (-2.4 d?10 a?1), so the frost-free period extend obviously (1.1 d?10 a?1). Nearly 33 years, the each development period of cotton shows different degrees of trend in advance in Bachu, where the budding period is most obvious in advance 4.8 d?10 a?1 (P?0.01). The stop growing period shows a trend of delay 3.7 d?10 a?1 (P?0.01). There is a positive correlation between the first frost date, last frost date, frost-free period and the cotton yield. So, the first frost date more later, last frost date more early, the longer frost-free period, the cotton yield is increased. |
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