| 葛黎黎,吕国真,赵桂香,李亚军,郭栋.山西晋城“7·11”暴雨过程雨滴谱特征[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2023,17(3):17~25 |
| 山西晋城“7·11”暴雨过程雨滴谱特征 |
| Raindrop size distribution characteristics of “7·11” rainstorm in Jincheng, Shanxi |
| 投稿时间：2022-10-11 修订日期：2022-12-07 |
| DOI：10.12057/j.issn.1002-0799.2023.03.003 |
| 中文关键词: 雨滴谱 低涡暴雨 Gamma分布 降水动能 Z-R关系 |
| 英文关键词:Raindrop size distribution Low-vortex rainstorm Gamma distribution Rainfall kinetic energy Z-R relationship |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用山西晋城雨滴谱资料，对2021年7月11日极端降水过程的雨滴谱微物理特征进行分析，结果表明：此次降水过程中雨滴数浓度、雨强和谱宽随时间存在明显变化，且三者之间关系极为密切；雨滴尺度分布以双峰和多峰结构为主，在0.5 mm左右处存在峰值，雨滴降落速度主要集中在2~5 m/s之间；主要以直径D＜1.0 mm的小雨滴为主，但1.0≤D＜3.0 mm的雨滴对雨强的贡献率接近80%；Gamma分布各拟合参数随时间起伏变化一致，强降水阶段变化缓慢；lgNW-Dm分布显示，此次低涡暴雨过程既非大陆性对流降水，亦非海洋性对流降水；μ-λ之间存在较好的二项式函数关系；通过分析降水动能关系，得到此次降水动能的经验公式；采用最小二乘法得到Z-R拟合关系，在雨强R＞20 mm/h时，估测效果优于经典Z-R关系。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The microphysical characteristics of the extreme precipitation process on July 11, 2021 were analyzed by using the data of raindrop size distribution in Jincheng, Shanxi. The results show that the number concentration, intensity and the width of raindrops change with time significantly and have close relationship. The raindrop size distribution is mainly bimodal and multi-modal, with a peak at about 0.5 mm, and the falling velocity is mainly concentrated in the range of 2~5 m/s. The raindrops with diameter less than 1.0 mm were the main raindrops of the rainstorm process, but the raindrops with diameter of 1.0~3.0 mm contributed nearly 80% to the total rainfall intensity. The variation of fitted parameters of Gamma distribution is consistent with the fluctuation of time, but the variation is slow in heavy precipitation stage. lgNW-Dm distribution shows that the low-vortex rainstorm is neither continental convective precipitation nor oceanic convective precipitation. There is a good binomial function relationship between μ-λ. The empirical formulas of rainfall kinetic energy relationships in this precipitation process are obtained. The least square method was used to obtain the Z-R fitting relationship, and the estimation effect was better than that of the classical Z-R relationship when R＞20 mm/h. |
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