藏南特提斯喜马拉雅前陆断褶带新生代构造演化与锑金多金属成矿作用
Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Tethyan Himalayan foreland fanit-fold belt in southern Tibet, and its consraint on antimony-gold polymetallic minerogenesis
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摘要: 特提斯喜马拉雅前陆断褶带由近东西向展布的藏南拆离系主拆离带和洛扎、绒布-哲古两条断裂带及一系列倒转复式褶皱组成,是始喜马拉雅期印度板块与欧亚大陆发生大规模陆-陆碰撞,导致特提斯喜马拉雅前陆盆地发生大规模缩短、沉积盖层以藏南拆离系为底界自北向南大规模逆冲推覆、褶皱,以及新喜马拉雅期高喜马拉雅结晶岩系自北向南挤出导致藏南拆离系主拆离带和洛扎、哲古两条次级构造带上盘地层自南向北伸展的产物.特提斯喜马拉雅前陆断褶带内的锑金多金属矿床在空间上具有明显的分带性,自北向南依次构成沙拉岗-查拉普锑金成矿带、错美-隆子锑铅锌多金属成矿带和拉康-错那银铅锌成矿带,其间分别以绒布-哲古和洛扎两个次级断裂带为界.矿体主要受褶皱翼部近东西向层间破碎带和近南北向构造带控制,成矿类型为浅成低温热液型,成矿时代为新喜马拉雅期.成矿作用与新生代构造演化和新喜马拉雅期岩浆活动关系密切.在新喜马拉雅期高喜马拉雅结晶岩系向南挤出过程中,特提斯喜马拉雅前陆断褶带沿着始喜马拉雅期形成的逆冲推覆构造带发生自南向北伸展,诱发地壳部分熔融,形成的岩浆沿构造带侵位,并促使沿构造带下渗地下水循环对流.当这些循环的地下水与沿构造带上升的岩浆期后含矿热液混合时,成矿流体的物理化学条件发生改变,成矿物质沉淀形成沿褶皱翼部近东西向层间破碎带和近南北向构造带分布的似层状、脉状和透镜状锑金多金属矿床.
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