陈秋士. 1964. 惯性波的对流不稳定和台风形成初期阶段的物理分析[J]. 气象学报, 34(4):433-442, doi:10.11676/qxxb1964.043
惯性波的对流不稳定和台风形成初期阶段的物理分析
THE CONVECTIVE INSTABILITY OF THE INERTIAL WAVE AND THE PHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION OF THE TYPHOON IN EARLY STAGE
投稿时间：1963-07-01  
DOI：10.11676/qxxb1964.043
中文关键词:  
英文关键词:
基金项目:
作者单位
陈秋士 北京大学地球物理系 
摘要点击次数: 2693
全文下载次数: 2295
中文摘要:
      本文主要讨论在低纬度,当大气中水汽供给充分,并满足γ>γm的条件不稳定状态时所发生的热成风适应过程。这时适应过程的特点和文献[11]中所讨论的完全不同。在起始时,如果流场上的热成风涡度大于温度场的热成风涡度,当扰动的水平尺度小于适应的特征尺度L0时,可引起惯性波的对流不稳定。这种不稳定的作用,可在较短的时间内(约24小时)造成上层是反气旋、下层是气旋和中心为暖中心的猛烈的涡旋形成。此外,本文还讨论了台风形成启动机制的动力学本质。指出:在热成风破坏方面,假如存在着造成流场上热成风涡度大于温度场热成风涡度的非热成风产生的机制,即可构成台风形成的启动机制。
英文摘要:
      The purpose of the present paper is mainly to discuss whether the non-thermal wind adjusts itself towards the thermal wind equilibrium state or not in the low latitudes.If the atmosphere is situated in conditionary unstable state,i.c.γ>γm,and the watervapour is saturated,the adjusting process of the thermal wind is entirely different from that discussed in [11].Initially,if the thecmal wind vorticity of wind field is larger than that of the temperature field,and the horizontal scale of the disturbance is smaller than L0 (the characteristic scale of the adjusting process),the connective instability of the inertial wave will occur.In this condition,the thermal wind equilibrium state will never be reached and the ascending motion induced by the adjusting process will be accelerated continuously.This instability of inertial wave may rapidly result in a violent vortex,with an anticyclone on 250 mb level,a cyclone on 750 mb level and a warm tenter in temperature field.This structure is the same as the typhoon.Besides,the physical and the dynamical essence of the starting mechanism of the formation of the typhoon is also discussed.It may be approximately considered that the typhoon is formed within the inherent unity of the destruction and the formation of the thermal wind equilibrium.If there exists the mechanism that may produce non-thermal wind,with the thermal wind votticity in wind field larger than that in temperature field,then a rapid development of the large scale vortex through the instability of the inertial wave will be induced.This is a mechanism of the initiation of the typhoons.
HTML   查看全文   查看/发表评论  下载PDF阅读器