引用本文:	田静,张凡,李任之,高超,吴昊,邢飞,高建华,汪亚平.长江口湍流剖面的观测与分析.海洋与湖沼,2023,54(5):1295-1307.

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长江口湍流剖面的观测与分析
田静¹, 张凡², 李任之², 高超¹, 吴昊¹, 邢飞², 高建华¹, 汪亚平^1,2
1.南京大学地理与海洋科学学院江苏南京 210023;2.华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室上海 200241

摘要:

小尺度湍流过程对河口物质输运与能量交换至关重要。受传统观测方法的限制, 河口浅水区域的剖面观测资料至今较为匮乏, 进而限制了湍流过程的研究。为此, 采用新型5波束声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Nortek Signature 1 000 kHz AD2CP)在长江口开展湍流剖面观测, 获取高频、低噪的高质量湍流剖面数据, 并与声学多普勒点式流速仪(acoustic doppler velocimeters, ADV)同步观测的数据进行对比。结果表明, 通过AD2CP与ADV获得的近底部边界层摩阻流速u_*、拖曳系数C_d、雷诺应力S_R等特征参数基本一致, 底摩擦与波浪能量为河口区域湍动能的主要输入源。湍流垂向结构存在显著的非局地平衡, 即温盐等斜压作用引起的浮力通量、对流项以及强波浪作用影响的脉动压力做功、黏性输运等因素可能为长江口湍流非局地平衡的主因。

关键词: 长江口近底部边界层湍动能平衡水体混合

DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230200023

分类号:P731

基金项目:国家自然科学基金委长江水科学研究联合基金重点支持项目,U2240220号;上海市教育委员会科研创新计划项目,2019-01-07-00-05-E00027号。

附件

OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS OF TURBULENCE VERTICAL PROFILE IN THE CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARY

TIAN Jing¹, ZHANG Fan², LI Ren-Zhi², GAO Chao¹, WU Hao¹, XING Fei², GAO Jian-Hua¹, WANG Ya-Ping^1,2

1.Institute of Geochemical Exploration and Marine Geological Survey, East China Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau, Nanjing 210023, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China

Abstract:

Small-scale turbulence process is critical to material transport and energy exchange in estuaries. Due to the limitation of traditional observation methods, observation of turbulence vertical profiles in relatively shallow areas is scarce, which limits the study of estuarine turbulence processes. In this study, a 5-beam Signature 1 000 kHz acoustic Doppler current profiler (Nortek Signature 1 000 kHz AD2CP) was used to observe the turbulence vertical profiles in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River estuary, and low-noise, high-frequency turbulence parameters vertical profiles were obtained. The data were compared with the synchronous observation results from an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). The comparison shows that the most crucial parameters of the near-bottom boundary layer, such as friction velocity u_*, drag coefficient C_d, and Reynolds stress S_R, obtained by AD2CP and ADV are basically consistent. Bottom friction and wave energy are the main sources of turbulent kinetic energy. Non-local equilibrium is found in turbulence vertical structure. The buoyancy flux caused by temperature and salinity gradient, convection, pulse pressure work, and viscous transport caused by strong wave action are the main factors of the non-local equilibrium of turbulence vertical structure in the Changjiang River estuary.

Key words: Changjiang River estuary near-bottom boundary layer turbulent kinetic energy balance water mixing