类星链卫星星座轨道的分析及设计
作者:
作者单位:

1.南京大学天文与空间科学学院 南京 210023;2.现代天文与天体物理教育部重点实验室 南京 210023;3.南京大学空间环境与航天动力学研究所 南京 210023;4.北京跟踪与通信技术研究所 北京 100094

作者简介:

通讯作者:

中图分类号:

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(11873031)资助


Analysis and Design of Starlink-like Satellite Constellation
Author:
Affiliation:

1. School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023;2. Key Laboratory of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023;3. Institute of Space Environment and Astrodynamics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023;4. Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology, Beijing 100094

Fund Project:

  • 摘要
  • |
  • 图/表
  • |
  • 访问统计
  • |
  • 参考文献
  • |
  • 相似文献
  • |
  • 引证文献
  • |
  • 资源附件
  • |
  • 文章评论
    摘要:

    卫星星座对于通信、导航、对地观测等卫星系统中有比较广泛的应用, 可以提供较好的地面覆盖, 更好地满足系统的需求. 在各类卫星星座中, Walker星座的应用比较广泛. 这类星座设计相对简单, 地面平均覆盖性能较好, 可用于导航卫星、低轨通信卫星的星座设计. 虽然Walker星座的地面平均覆盖性能较好, 但卫星的星下点轨迹一般并不重合. 更重要的是, 当多个Walker星座协同工作时, 如果要保证星座间整体同步且轨道平面具有相同的进动速率$\Omega_1$, 那么即使稍稍改变其他星座的轨道倾角, 轨道半长径a也会出现相当大的变化. 据此, 美国太空探索(SpaceX)公司在其星链(Starlink)卫星星座中调整了设计思路, 以不同星座间具有相同的回归周期(Nday天内完成Norb个轨道周期)为依据, 实现了多层(shell)运动同步的星座设计, 并且在同层星座内所有卫星具有相同的星下点轨迹. 根据SpaceX公司公布的专利, Starlink星座第2期3层轨道的星座即采用这种设计方案. SpaceX在其专利文档中公布并主张了上述理念和特性, 但没有提供设计思路和技术细节. 以此为基础, 探讨可能的``类星链'星座设计思路, 并在此基础上分析这类星座中星间链路的选择策略及特性.

    Abstract:

    Satellite constellations are widely used for communication, navigation and Earth observation purposes. They provide good ground coverages and serve better for these needs. Of all the configurations, the Walker constellation is extensively applied in many navigation satellite systems and some low Earth orbit communication constellations, since it can be easily designed and has good coverage. Despite of these advantages, the satellites in Walker constellation generally have different ground tracks. When multiple Walker constellations are to be coordinated, in terms that the orbital planes precess synchronously with the same satellite mean motion $\Omega_1$, the semi-major axes of these Walker constellations would be significantly different even when the orbital inclinations differ by a small amount. The Space Exploration Corp (SpaceX) claimed a new constellation design in a patent for their multi-shell Starlink satellite constellation. Constellation shells with different inclinations have small altitude differences, which facilitates regulatory approval and deployment. Satellites in the same shell can also be easily designed to share the same ground track. Although they claimed these features in the patent, SpaceX shared little technical details regarding how to design these constellations. Here in this paper, we analyze the features of the Starlink constellation and try to find a practical approach to design a Starlink-like constellation, as well as how to determine the rules for inter-satellite links within the constellation.

    参考文献
    相似文献
    引证文献
引用本文

汤靖师,屈颖莹,王琦.类星链卫星星座轨道的分析及设计[J].天文学报,2023,64(5):52. TANG Jing-shi, QU Ying-ying, WANG Qi. Analysis and Design of Starlink-like Satellite Constellation[J]. Acta Astronomica Sinica,2023,64(5):52.

复制
分享
文章指标
  • 点击次数:
  • 下载次数:
  • HTML阅读次数:
  • 引用次数:
历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-20
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-10-07
  • 出版日期: